云南省2013-2022年登革热流行趋势及暴发疫情特征分析  

Epidemiological trends and outbreak characteristics of dengue fever in Yunnan Province,China,2013-2022

作　　者：陈莉华 念鹏英 沈秀莲[1] 郑尔达 段江丽 CHEN Li-hua;NIAN Peng-ying;SHEN Xiu-lian;ZHENG Er-da;DUAN Jiang-li(Epidemic Monitoring/Emergency Public Health Response Center,Yunnan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Kunming,Yunnan 650022,China;Department for Disease Control,Jiangchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yuxi,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China;Quality Control Office,Dali Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心疫情监测/突发公共卫生事件处置中心,云南昆明650022 [2]玉溪市江川区疾病预防控制中心疾病控制科,云南玉溪653100 [3]大理白族自治州疾病预防控制中心质量管理室,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第1期63-68,73,共7页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：2021年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(21JZD039)。

摘　　要：目的 分析云南省登革热流行特征系统及暴发疫情情况,为制定有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法 从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的“传染病监测”和“突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统”模块收集2013-2022年云南省报告的登革热病例及暴发疫情相关信息,采用集中度法分析季节性,使用Excel 2007软件进行数据整理,MapInfo 7.8软件绘制地图,采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行相关性分析,率或构成比的比较采用χ^(2)检验,采用描述流行病学方法对登革热流行特征及暴发疫情处置情况进行分析。结果 2013-2022年云南省共报告登革热病例16 774例,其中本地病例11 944例,境外输入病例4 521例,境内输入病例309例,年均报告发病率为3.53/10万。发病呈现隔年高发的现象,发病集中度(M)为0.84,具有很强的季节性。输入病例主要发生在6-10月,本地病例以8-11月为主。输入病例中男女性别比略高于本地病例(χ^(2)=37.596,P<0.001)。本地病例以30~<40岁人群为主(20.14%),输入病例以20~<30岁人群最多(27.58%)。本地病例出现在边境5个州(市),输入病例中境外主要来源于东南亚和非洲国家,缅甸、柬埔寨和老挝是主要来源国(96.81%),境内以西双版纳傣族自治州为主(85.76%)。病例职业主要为农民、商业服务、干部/离退人员、家务及待业和学生,本地病例中以商业服务者构成比最高(21.89%),输入病例中以农民构成比最高(39.90%),输入病例与本地病例的职业分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1 535.415,P<0.001)。2013-2022年共报告登革热暴发疫情28起,其中较大事件1起,一般事件27起,报告病例数占总病例数的83.41%,每起事件平均涉及病例499.71例;首发病例发病到核实事件发生中位时间为7(5,9) d,暴发疫情持续时间中位数为110(27,140) d;25起暴发事件发生在村(社区)。结论 云南省登革热存在明显季节、人群以及地区分布规律,应进一步加强输入Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and outbreak of dengue fever in Yunnan Province,China,so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.Methods Relevant data on dengue fever cases and outbreaks reported in Yunnan Province during 2013-2022 were collected from the“Infectious Disease Surveillance System”and“Public Health Emergency Management Information System”of“China Disease Control and Prevention Information System”.The concentration method was used to analyze seasonal characteristics.Excel 2007 software was used to sort out the data.MapInfo 7.8 software was used to draw the map.SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the correlation,and the Chi-square test was used to compare the rate or composition ratio.The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and outbreak response to dengue fever.Results A total of 16774 cases of dengue fever were reported in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2022,including 11944 local cases,4521 overseas imported cases,and 309 domestic imported cases,with an average annual reported incidence of 3.53/100000.The disease showed a high incidence every other year.The concentration(M)was 0.84,showing strong seasonality.Imported cases mainly occurred from June to October,and local cases mostly from August to November.The male-to-female ratio of imported cases was slightly higher than that of local cases(χ^(2)=37.596,P<0.001).The majority of local cases were 30~<40 years old(20.14%),and the majority of imported cases were 20~<30 years old(27.58%).The local cases were found in 5 border prefectures(cities).The overseas imported cases were mainly from southeast Asian countries and African countries,and Myanmar,Cambodia,and Laos were the main source countries(96.81%).The domestic imported cases were mainly from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture(85.76%).The majority of cases were farmers,commercial service personnel,cadres/retirees,housekeepers,job-waiting people,and students.Commerc

关 键 词：登革热 流行特征 暴发 本地病例 输入病例 

分 类 号：R373.3*3[医药卫生—病原生物学]