基于ITS和matK序列的苗药朱砂根遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Miao Medicine Ardisia crenata Based on ITS and matK Sequences

作　　者：郎云虎 文琴琴 魏升华 严福林 LANG Yunhu;WEN Qinqin;WEI Shenghua;YAN Fulin(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学,贵阳550025

出　　处：《种子》2024年第1期29-35,42,F0003,共9页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1708101);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科中引地[2022]4016);贵州省中药材现代产业技术体系建设(GZCYTX2019-2024)。

摘　　要：为探究朱砂根的遗传多样性,对收集的16个居群的69份朱砂根样品ITS和matK序列进行双向测序,应用Genious 11.0软件分析2个序列的结构变异,应用MEGA 11.0软件基于Kimura-2-Parameter(K2P)模型,计算居群间遗传距离,采用邻接法(NJ)分别构建系统发育树。结果表明,朱砂根ITS与matK序列长度分别为447~451 bp、844~861 bp, GC含量分别为55.30%~56.30%,33.70%~34.40%,变异位点分别为24个、43个,单倍型多样性分别为0.947、0.917,核苷酸多样性分别为0.013 14、0.006 00;朱砂根ITS序列居群间遗传距离在0.000 4~0.032 0之间,平均遗传距离0.018 4;matK序列居群间遗传距离在0.000 0~0.019 6之间,平均遗传距离为0.008 6。系统发育结果表明,ITS和matK序列都将16个居群的朱砂根聚为2支,且遗传距离较小。研究表明,不同居群的朱砂根具有较为丰富的遗传多样性,且遗传距离与居群地理空间距离有关。ITS较matK序列变异更丰富,更适宜对朱砂根遗传多样性评价、分子标记开发与基源鉴定等研究。ITS and matK sequences of 69 A.crenata samples collected from 16 populations were sequenced in both directions and spliced.Genious 11.0 was applied to analyse the structural variation of the 2 sequences,and MEGA 11.0 software was applied to calculate the genetic distance between the seed sources based on the Kimura-2-Parameter(K2P)model,and the neighbour-joining(NJ)method was used to construct phylogenetic trees respectively.Results showed that ITS and matK sequences of A.crenata were from 447 bp to 451 bp and from 844 bp to 861 bp in length respectively,with GC contents from 55.30%to 56.3%and from 33.70%to 34.4%respectively,24 and 43 variant loci respectively,haplotype diversity of 0.947 and 0.917 respectively,and nucleotide diversity of 0.01314 and 0.0060 respectively.The genetic distance between populations of A.crenata ITS sequences ranged from 0.0004 to 0.0320,with a mean genetic distance of 0.0184;the genetic distance between populations of matK sequences ranged from 0.0000 to 0.0196,with a mean genetic distance of 0.0086.The phylogenetic results showed that both ITS and matK sequences clustered 16 populations of A.crenata into 2 branches with small genetic distances.Study showed that,A.crenata from different populations had a relatively rich genetic diversity and the genetic distance was related to the geospatial distance of the populations.The ITS was richer in variation than the matK sequence and was more suitable for studies on the genetic diversity and molecular marker development of A.crenata.

关 键 词：朱砂根 ITS MATK 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]