黄秋葵种质资源主要农艺性状的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits of Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench Germplasm Resources

作　　者：康泽培 孙健 张小雨 赵大伟 陈基权[1] 杨泽茂[1] 谢冬微 唐蜻[1] 许英[1] 邓灿辉 程超华[1] 粟建光[1] 戴志刚[1] KANG Zepei;SUN Jian;ZHANG Xiaoyu;ZHAO Dawei;CHEN Jiquan;YANG Zemao;XIE Dongwei;TANG Qing;XU Ying;DENG Canhui;CHENG Chaohua;SU Jianguang;DAI Zhigang(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Processing of Hemp,Ministry of Agriculture,Changsha 410205,China;School of Life Sciences,Nantong University,Nantong Jiangsu 226019,China;Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Wenshan Yunnan 663099,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所/农业部麻类生物学与加工重点实验室,长沙410205 [2]南通大学生命科学学院,江苏南通226019 [3]文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院,云南文山663099

出　　处：《种子》2024年第1期43-51,75,共10页Seed

基　　金：农业农村部物种品种资源保护费项目;湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30768);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-16-E01);国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NCGRC-2022-15)。

摘　　要：为更好地利用黄秋葵种质资源,本研究以201份黄秋葵种质资源为材料,对其18个农艺性状进行变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,201份黄秋葵种质资源具有较为丰富的多样性,质量性状的多样性指数在0.66~1.79之间,10个数量性状的变异系数范围为8.46%~43.51%,变异系数最大的是分枝数,最小的是蒴果宽度。相关性分析表明,黄秋葵产量与第一分枝节位、主茎节数,单株果数、果实棱数存在高度相关性;分枝数、主茎节数、单株产量与花蕾黄酮含量具有一定相关性。主成分分析将13个数量性状简化为4个主成分,累积贡献率达62.049%,这4个主成分反映了201份黄秋葵材料的主要遗传信息。聚类分析将供试材料分为四个类群:类群Ⅰ黄酮含量高但产量最低;类群Ⅱ、类群Ⅲ产量高,花蕾和嫩果黄酮含量低,其中类群Ⅱ植株高大且分枝多,类群Ⅲ则反之;类群Ⅳ的果实大且重,但单株果数少,产量较低。可根据不同目的及需求,选择不同类群的材料作为黄秋葵育种亲本加以利用。In order to make better use of Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench germplasm resources,201 Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench germplasm resources were used as materials,and 18 agronomic traits were analyzed by variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that 201 Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench germplasm resources had relatively rich diversity,and the diversity index of quality traits ranged from 0.66 to 1.79.The coefficient of variation of the 10 quantitative traits ranged from 8.46%to 43.51%,with the largest coefficient of variation being the number of branches and the smallest being the capsule width.Correlation analysis showed that the yield of Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench was highly correlated with the first branch node,the number of main stem nodes,the number of fruits per plant and the number of fruit edges.The number of branches,number of main stem segments and yield per plant were correlated with the content of flower bud flavonoids.Principal component analysis simplified 13 quantitative traits into 4 principal components,the cumulative contribution rate reached 62.049%,of which these 4 principal components reflected the main genetic information of 201 Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench materials.The tested materials were divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis:GroupⅠhad high flavonoid content but lowest yield;GroupⅡand GroupⅢhad high yield and low flavonoid content in flower buds and young fruits.GroupⅡhad tall plants and more branches,while GroupⅢhad the opposite effect.The fruits of groupⅣwere large and heavy,but the number of fruits per plant was small and the yield was low.According to different purposes and needs,different groups of materials could be selected as the breeding parents of Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench.

关 键 词：黄秋葵 种质资源 相关性分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S649[农业科学—蔬菜学]