儿童肺部侵袭性曲霉菌感染的诊治进展  

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis in children

作　　者：田曼[1] TIAN Man(Respiratory Department of Afiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2024年第2期103-107,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

摘　　要：曲霉菌属在自然界中广泛分布,温湿度适宜时,曲霉菌可长成菌丝并产生分生孢子,通过空气传播定植于人体呼吸道中。当宿主免疫功能低下时,则易出现与致病性曲霉菌相关的疾病,多数表现为肺部受累,即侵袭性肺曲霉病(invasive pulmonary aspergillosis,IPA)。与成人患者相比,儿童IPA患者的影像学表现多不典型,目前血清学标志物相关研究尚不充分,对儿童IPA的诊断较为困难。同时,儿童安全的抗真菌用药仍有待探究。该文就儿童IPA的流行病学、致病机制、临床表现、诊断技术以及治疗等方面进行概述。Aspergillus is widely distributed in nature.When the temperature and humidity are suitable,Aspergillus can grow into hyphae and produce conidia,which can colonize the human respiratory tract through air transmission.When in the host's immune function is low,the diseases related to pathogenic Aspergillus are likely to develop,most of which are lung involvement,that is,invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(invasive pulmonary aspergillosis,IPA).Compared with adult patients,the imaging manifestations of children with IPA are more atypical,and the current research on serological markers is not sufficient,making the diagnosis of IPA in children mostly difficult.At the same time,antifungal medications that are safe for children remain to be explored.Therefore,this article reviews epidemiology,pathogenic mechanism,clinical manifestations,diagnostic techniques,and treatment of IPA in children.

关 键 词：儿童 侵袭性肺曲霉病 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]