2021—2022年桂林地区急性呼吸道感染住院儿童病毒谱与流行特征  

Virus spectrum and epidemic characteristics of hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections in Guilin area, 2021 to 2022

作　　者：朱人和 龙虎[2] 曹润冬 王璐璐[3] 宋娟[1] 宋芹芹[1] 梅国勇 夏志强 韩俊[1] 高晨[1] Zhu Renhe;Long Hu;Cao Rundong;Wang Lulu;Song Juan;Song Qinqin;Mei Guoyong;Xia Zhiqiang;Han Jun;Gao Chen(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Guilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guilin 541001,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,北京102206 [2]桂林市疾病预防控制中心,桂林541001 [3]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院,蚌埠233000

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2024年第1期43-48,共6页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：国家病原微生物资源库(NPRC-32);传染病预防控制国家重点实验室发展基金(2011SKLIDl04)。

摘　　要：目的了解2021—2022年间桂林市急性呼吸道感染住院儿童病例中呼吸道病毒谱的构成, 探究不同呼吸道病毒的流行特征。方法收集2021年9月至2022年10月广西桂林市14岁以下急性呼吸道感染(acute respiratory infection, ARI)住院儿童作为研究对象, 共检测638例。采集的患儿咽拭子, 采用实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链反应的方法进行核酸检测, 对包括不同亚型在内15种常见种或型呼吸道病毒进行筛查, 分析急性呼吸道感染住院患儿病例的病毒谱特征。结果 638例标本中, 检出包括不同亚型在内的病毒12种, 有365例至少1种或型病毒检测结果为阳性, 阳性率为57.21% (365/638), 感染两种及以上病毒检出率12.85%(82/638)。不同季节的病毒检出率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.002)。不同年龄组样本的病毒阳性检出率以0~2岁组最高(40.66%), 其次为3~5岁组(34.80%)和≥6岁组(24.54%)。结论 2021年9月至2022年10月期间, 12种呼吸道病毒在桂林地区存在流行, 具有明显的夏季高峰特点, 提示当地夏季时应重点针对可能会引起儿童急性呼吸道感染流行的病原体采取相应的防控措施, 以防控呼吸道感染传播与流行。Objective To understand the composition of respiratory virus spectrum in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Guilin City from 2021 to 2022,and to explore the epidemic characteristics of different respiratory viruses.Methods Information of a total of 638 hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections(ARI)syndrome under the age of 14 years in Guilin city,Guangxi from September 2021 to October 2022 was collected as research data.The collected pharyngeal swabs from pediatric patients were subjected to real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for nucleic acid testing,screening for 15 common respiratory viruses,and analyzing the virus spectrum characteristics of hospitalized pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections.Results Among the 638 specimens,365 were tested positive for at least one virus,with a positive rate of 57.21%(365/638).The detection rate for two or more viruses was 12.85%(82/638).There were 12 types of viruses detected,and the difference in virus detection rates among different seasons was statistically significant(P<0.002).The virus positive detection rate of samples from different age groups was the highest in the 0-2-year old group(40.66%),followed by the 3-5-year old group(34.80%)and the 6-year and older group(24.54%).Conclusions During the period from September 2021 to October 2022,all 12 respiratory viruses were prevalent in Guilin area,with obvious summer peak as characteristics.It is suggested that corresponding prevention and control measures should be focused on pathogens that may cause acute respiratory infections in children during the local summer to prevent and control the spread and prevalence of respiratory infections.

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 呼吸道病毒 监测 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]