3株野生黑木耳大棚吊袋人工驯化栽培比较试验  

Comparative Experiment on Artificial Domestication and Cultivation of Three Wild Auricularia heimuer Strains in Hanging Bags in Greenhouse

作　　者：李健 朱建国 胡志强[1] 杜忠伟[1] 王旭[1] 王鑫[1] Li Jian;Zhu Jianguo;Hu Zhiqiang;Du Zhongwei;Wang Xu;Wang Xin(Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yanji Edible Fungi Experimental Station,CARS,Yanji,Jilin 133000,China;Wangqing County Rural Economic Management Station,Wangqing,Jilin 133200,China)

机构地区：[1]延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院/国家食用菌产业技术体系延吉综合试验站,吉林延吉133000 [2]汪清县农村经济管理总站,吉林汪清133200

出　　处：《东南园艺》2023年第6期421-425,共5页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS—20);延边州科技成果转化项目(2021NS08);吉林省现代农业产业技术体系(202300601)。

摘　　要：【目的】在吉林省采集野生黑木耳,进行人工驯化栽培,以期从中筛选出适宜大棚吊袋栽培的优良菌株。【方法】对3株野生黑木耳(黑木耳G、M、Y)通过大棚吊袋人工驯化栽培,进行菌株的品质与产量比较试验。【结果】大棚吊袋栽培后,3株黑木耳均表现出长势好,抗性强,子实体颜色浅褐色,耳片均有耳脉。其中,黑木耳G生育期较黑木耳M、Y短10d左右;黑木耳M子实体颜色更黑,耳片形态更圆;黑木耳M背面灰白色纤毛更浓密;黑木耳G耳脉数量最多;黑木耳M产量及生物学转化率最高。【结论】黑木耳M的子实体颜色好、耳形好、耳脉较少,品质好,产量高,生育期95~105 d,是适宜东北地区大棚吊袋栽培且受市场欢迎的中熟优良菌株。【Objective】Wild Auricularia heimuer strains were collected in Jilin Province.Their artificial domestication and cultivation were conducted to screen excellent strains which were suitable for cultivation in hanging bags in greenhouse.【Method】Three wild Auricularia heimuer strains(G,M and Y)were domesticated and cultivated in hanging bags in greenhouse.【Result】Three strains showed strong growth vigor,strong resistance,and light brown and winkle fruitbody.The growth period of Auricularia heimuer G was 10 days shorter than that of Auricularia heimuer M and Y.Fruitbody of Auricularia heimuer M was blacker and rounder than that of G and Y.The back side of Auricularia heimuer M was gray-white with denser cilia than that of G and Y.Auricularia heimuer G has largest winkle number while Auricularia heimuer M had highest yield and biological efficiency.【Conclusion】Auricularia heimuer M had good color,good shape and little winkles of fruitbody,good fruit quality and high yield and the growth period was 95-105 d.It is an excellent medium-ripening variety suitable for hanging bag cultivation in greenhouse and popular in the market of northeastern China.

关 键 词：黑木耳 大棚吊袋 比较试验 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]