青海省东部农业区青贮玉米病害种类初步调查  

Preliminary Investigation of Zea Mays L.Disease Species in the Eastern Agricultural Region of Qinghai Province

作　　者：马学青 孔天赐 祁鹤兴 MA Xueqing;KONG Tianci;QI Hexing(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2024年第1期26-31,36,共7页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目(2022-ZJ-977Q)。

摘　　要：为初步明确青海省东部农业区青贮玉米病害种类及其分布,本研究采用5点取样法对青海省东部农业区青贮玉米病害进行田间调查。结果表明:青贮玉米病害主要有锈病、叶斑病、煤污病,圆斑病,局部地区有青枯病、疯顶病和瘤黑粉病。其中由链格孢属真菌引起的链格孢叶斑病和高粱柄锈菌引起的锈病在各地区都有发生,且危害较严重;由麦根腐平脐蠕孢引起的麦根腐平脐蠕孢叶斑病在大通县发生严重;此外,对7个不同品种的玉米进行调查发现甘甜糯2号和铁研53品种发病严重;其次是金冠597、黑糯57和豫玉223个品种发病较严重;旱糯1号和甘玉甜糯214病害发生且危害较轻,较抗煤污病和瘤黑粉病。本研究初步明确青海省东部农业区青贮玉米病害类型及其分布情况,为后续病害综合防治奠定基础。To determine the species and distribution of Zea mays L.diseases in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province,a field survey of Z.mays L.diseases in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province was conducted using the 5-point sampling method,and it was found that Z.mays L.diseases mainly include rust,leaf spot,sooty blotch,Maize round spot disease and locally there were corn stalk rot and crazy top of maize and common smut.Among them,alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria and the rust disease caused by Puccinia sorghi have occurred in various regions and the damage was more serious.Leaf spot disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana occurs seriously in Datong County,Round spot disease caused by Bipolaris zeicola was found in Guide County.In addition,the investigation on 7 different cultivars of maize found that two cultivars Gantiannuo 2 and Tieyan 53 were severely affected and followed by Jinguan 597,Heinuo 57 and Yuyu 22,which were more severely affected.There were only 2 diseases occurred in Hannuo 1 and Ganyu Tiannuo 214,and were occur with relatively light affected,these two cultivars were more resistant to sooty blotch and common smut.This study preliminarily clarified the types of Zea mays L.disease and its distribution in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province,and lays the foundation for the follow-up integrated disease control.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 病害种类 病害分布 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]