卡尔图斯修道院修士空间对柯布西耶“居住单位”空间的影响分析——以1922年别墅公寓和马赛公寓为例  

Analysis of the Influence of the Monastery Space of Carthusian Monastery on the Space of Le Corbusier's“Unitéd'habitation”:Taking 1922 Immeubles Villas and Unitéd'habitation de Marseille as Examples

作　　者：刘俊武 LIU Junwu

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院建筑学研究中心

出　　处：《住区》2024年第1期92-99,共8页Design Community

摘　　要：勒·柯布西耶对“居住单位”的研究实践与其早年探访过的艾玛修道院、帕维亚修道院等卡尔图斯修道院有着渊源上的联系。本文以1922年别墅公寓和马赛公寓为例,遴选艾玛修道院、帕维亚修道院和克莱蒙修道院三座卡尔图斯修道院,从修道院修士集体和个人空间入手,基于图纸、文献和照片,进行文献研究和个案分析,探讨卡尔图斯修道院修士空间对以1922年别墅公寓和马赛公寓为代表的“居住单位”空间的影响。文章认为,柯布西耶“居住单位”中集体与个人两部分空间的并置,其最初的灵感就来源于卡尔图斯修道院,柯布西耶从当时城市家庭生活出发,剔除修道院中的宗教属性,对空间进行了适应时代要求的世俗化改造。Le Corbusier's research and practice on“Unitéd'habitation”is re-lated to the Carthusian Monastery such as Chartreuse d'Ema and Mosteiro de Pavia which he visited in his early years.The paper takes the 1922 Im-meubles Villas and Unitéd'habitation de Marseille as examples,selects the three Carthusian Monasteries of Chartreuse d'Ema,Mosteiro de Pavia and Chartreuse De Clermont,and starts with the collective space and personal space of the monastery monks,based on drawings,documents and pho-tos,conducts literature research and case analysis,discussing the impact of the space of the monks of the Carthusian Monastery on the space of the“Unitéd'habitation”represented by the 1922 Immeubles Villas and Unitéd'habitation de Marseille.The paper believes that the juxtaposition of collec-tive and personal spaces in Corbusier’s“Unitéd'habitation”was originally inspired by the Carthusian Monastery.Starting from the urban family life at his time,Le Corbusier eliminated the religious attributes in the monastery,and carried out a secular transformation on the space to meet the requirements of the times.

关 键 词：卡尔图斯修道院 修士集体空间 修士个人空间 居住单位 别墅公寓 马赛公寓 宗教与世俗 

分 类 号：TU-091[建筑科学—建筑理论]