ppGpp介导的抗生素胁迫应答机制研究进展  

Research progress in ppGpp-mediated antibiotic stress response

作　　者：胡晓 沈盆闪 许健萍 余佳琪 音建华 HU Xiao;SHEN Penshan;XU Jianping;YU Jiaqi;YIN Jianhua(College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学生物工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《微生物学报》2024年第3期687-700,共14页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32270044)。

摘　　要：抗生素是由微生物在生长发育后期产生的次级代谢产物,具有杀死或抑制细菌生长的能力,因此被广泛应用于细菌感染的临床治疗。在长期的进化过程中,细菌采取多种方式应对环境中抗生素的威胁。除了广为人知的抗生素耐药性(resistance)之外,细菌还能对抗生素产生耐受性(tolerance)和持留性(persistence),严重影响抗生素的临床疗效。鸟苷四磷酸(guanosine tetraphosphate,ppGpp)和鸟苷五磷酸(guanosine pentaphosphate,pppGpp)(本文统称ppGpp)是细菌应对营养饥饿等不利环境时产生的“报警”信号分子,其能够在全局水平调控基因的表达,使细菌适应不利的环境。越来越多的研究表明,ppGpp与细菌应对抗生素胁迫密切相关。基于此,本文综述了细菌中ppGpp的合成与水解及其作用机制,并重点阐述了ppGpp介导抗生素胁迫应答的分子机制,以期为新型抗生素的开发提供新思路。Antibiotics are secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms during the stationary phase.They are widely used in the clinical treatment of bacterial infections because of their ability to kill bacteria or inhibit bacterial growth.In the long-term evolutionary process,bacteria have adopted several strategies to cope with the threats of antibiotics in the environment.In addition to the well-known antibiotic resistance,bacteria can develop tolerance and persistence to antibiotics,which seriously affects the clinical efficacy of antibiotics.Guanosine tetraphosphate(ppGpp)and guanosine pentaphosphate(pppGpp)(herein collectively referred to as ppGpp)are the alarmone signal molecules produced by bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions such as nutritional starvation.ppGpp can regulate transcription globally and enable bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions.An increasing number of studies have shown that ppGpp is closely related to antibiotic stress response.On this basis,this review summarizes the synthesis,hydrolysis,and mechanism of action of ppGpp in bacteria,with emphasis on the role of ppGpp in antibiotic stress response.This review aims to provide new ideas for the development of novel antibiotics.

关 键 词：PPGPP 严紧反应 抗生素耐药性 抗生素耐受性 抗生素持留性 胁迫应答 

分 类 号：Q935[生物学—微生物学]