异质结太阳能电池金属化技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Metallization Technologies for Heterojunction Solar Cells

作　　者：陈雷昊 董一苇 杨宏伟[1,3] 毛华明 任宇 Chen Leihao;Dong Yiwei;Yang Hongwei;Mao Huaming;Ren Yu(Kunming Institute of Precious Metals,Kunming 650106,China;Kunming Guiyan New Material Technology Co.,Ltd,Kunming 650106,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals,Kunming 650106,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明贵金属研究所,云南昆明650106 [2]昆明贵研新材料科技有限公司,云南昆明650106 [3]稀贵金属综合利用新技术国家重点实验室,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第1期281-295,共15页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目基础研究专项(202201AU070188,202201AT07259);云南省重大研发专项(202002AB080001-1,202102AB080008);云南省万人计划-青年拔尖人才项目(2019020001);云南贵金属实验室科技计划(YPML-2022050201)。

摘　　要：异质结太阳能电池具有光电转换效率高的优势,在光伏发电领域展现出了较大的发展潜力。低温金属化是制造异质结太阳能电池的一个重要工艺环节,用于在电池片上形成金属栅线电极,当前普遍采用低温固化型银浆结合丝网印刷来实现。然而,现有的低温银浆用量大、价格贵是导致电池成本较高的原因之一。因此,光伏行业正致力于改进和优化金属化工艺来降低银耗。本文综述了近年来异质结太阳能电池金属化技术的研究进展,详细总结了低温银浆各组分及固化工艺对浆料性能的影响,同时对金属化工艺降本增效的主要途径,包括银浆减量化方案例如多主栅、激光转印技术等,以及非银电极方案例如银包铜、铜电镀技术等,进行了介绍和对比,并对金属化工艺当前存在的挑战及未来发展方向进行了分析和展望。Heterojunction solar cells have the advantage of high cell efficiency and show great potential in the field of solar photovoltaics.Low-temperature metallization is an important process in the manufacturing of heterojunction solar cells,which is used to form metal grids on the cell surface.Currently,low-temperature-cured silver paste combined with screen printing is widely used.However,the high consumption of expensive low-temperature silver paste is one of the reasons for the high cost of the cells.The photovoltaic industry is working hard to improve and optimize metallization process to reduce silver consumption.This paper reviewed the research progress on metallization technologies for heterojunction solar cells,and summarized in detail the effect of the components of low-temperature silver paste as well as the curing process on the overall performance.In addition,the main metallization approaches used to increase cell effectiveness were introduced and compared,including silver paste reduction strategies such as multi-busbar and pattern transfer printing technologies,and non-silver metallization strategies such as silver-coated copper and copper plating technologies.Finally,the challenges of different metallization processes for heterojunction solar cells were analyzed and their future development directions were also prospected.

关 键 词：异质结太阳能电池 金属化工艺 低温固化型银浆 银包铜浆料 铜电镀 

分 类 号：TM615.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]