微塑料和多种抗生素胁迫下土壤环境因子的响应特性  

Response characteristics of soil environmental factors under the stress of microplastics and antibiotics

作　　者：韩冰[1] 李华南 王梓静 劳旭婷 冯辰 金雨萱 赵薇 苑子仪 金信成 张明哲 孙世梅[1] HAN Bing;LI Huanan;WANG Zijing;LAO Xuting;FENG Chen;JIN Yuxuan;ZHAO Wei;YUAN Ziyi;JIN Xincheng;ZHANG Mingzhe;SUN Shimei(School of Emergency Science and Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun,130118,China;Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment,Ministry of Education,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun,130118,China;Jilin Province Dongsheng Chuanglian Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tonghua,134002,China;Jilin Province Tonghua City Investment Group Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tonghua,134001,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学应急科学与工程学院,长春130118 [2]吉林建筑大学松辽流域水环境教育部重点实验室,长春130118 [3]吉林省东昇创联建筑工程有限公司,通化134002 [4]吉林省通化市城市投资集团工程有限公司,通化134001

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第2期506-514,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：吉林省科技厅项目(20210203196SF,20220203010SF);吉林省教育厅科研项目(JJKH20200291KJ);吉林省城乡和住房建设厅科研项目(2022-KJ-01);国家自然基金(51678213)资助。

摘　　要：为了深入探究微塑料(microplastics,MPs)、抗生素胁迫下土壤环境因子产生的响应特性,以聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)、四环素(tetracycline,TC)、环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)为研究对象,通过单独、联合施用到土壤中4周后,开展了土壤的理化性质、酶活性、抗生素残留、抗生素抗性菌(antibiotics resistant bacteria,ARB)抗性、抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)、微生物群落的多样性等方面研究.结果显示,施用MPs与抗生素的容重比对照组分别增大了12.3%、16.9%、 21.8%.有机质含量由39.96g·kg^(-1)变化为53.21g·kg^(-1),与对照组相比分别增大了9.16%、12.39%、14.09%、18.47%、32.03%、33.16%、36.04%.阳离子交换量由对照组的44.36 cmol·kg^(-1)显著变化为62.45 cmol·kg^(-1),与对照组相比分别增大了24.06%、30.09%、33.97%、36.49%、47.14%、50.93%、56.1%.实验各组pH值在7.58—8.12之间变化.实验各组的过氧化氢酶含量分别为1.653、 1.559、1.421、1.486、1.376、1.545、1.524、1.453 IU·g^(-1);脲酶含量分别为89.56、78.32、64.65、66.79、57.27、72.31、 71.26、 61.56IU·g^(-1);蔗糖酶含量分别为158.69、 149.61、 134.56、 131.87、 123.65、 137.26、136.83、 126.34 IU·g^(-1). MPs-TC-CIP组的过氧化氢酶活性、脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性分别下降12.1%、32.3%、26.7%. MPs-TC、MPs-CIP组与TC、CIP实验组相比,抗生素残留量有所降低,分别为187.1%、189.3%;MPs-TC-CIP实验组的抗生素残留则低于单一施用CIP、TC组,分别为182.6%、178.7%.筛选的TC抗性菌(TC resistant bacteria,TCRB)和CIP抗性菌(CIP resistant bacteria,CIPRB)的抗性增加2倍以上. MPs-TC-CIP组与对照组相比,tet W、tet O的相对丰度比值分别为1.82、1.78;qnr A、qnr S的相对丰度比值分别为1.68、1.71.各组中相对丰度较高菌群依次为变形菌(Proteobacteria),放线菌(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)、芽单胞菌(Gemmatimonadetes)、厚壁菌(Fimicutes).施用抗生素、MPs后In order to investigate the effects of microplastics and antibiotics on the response characteristics of soil environmental factors,MPs,Tetracycline(TC)and Ciprofloxacin(CIP)were applied into soil for 4 weeks separately or jointly.In this experiment,a large number of studies were carried out,such as the physicochemicalof soil,enzyme activity,antibiotic residues,resistance of antibiotics resistant bacteria(ARB),the antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and the diversity of microbial community.As a results,the unit weight of soil were increased 12.3%,16.9%and 21.8%,respectively.Compared with the control group,the content of organic matter were changed from 39.96 g·kg^(-1) to 53.21 g·kg^(-1) by PE and antibiotic.They were increased 9.16%,12.39%,14.09%,18.47%,32.03%,33.16%and 36.04%,respectively.So the cation exchange capacity was significantly changed from 44.36 cmol·kg^(-1) to 62.45 cmol·kg^(-1),and they were increased 24.06%,30.09%,33.97%,36.49%,47.14%,50.93%and 56.1%,respectively.The pH of each group varied from 7.58 to 8.12.The catalase of each group were 1.653,1.559,1.421,1.486,1.376,1.545,1.524,1.453 IU·g^(-1),respectively.The urease activity of soil was 89.56,78.32,64.65IU·g^(-1),66.79,1.57.27,72.3,71.26 and 61.56 IU·g^(-1),respectively.The sucrase activities were 158.69,149.61,134.56,131.87,123.65,137.26,136.83 and 126.34 IU·g^(-1),respectively.The activity of catalase,urease and sucrase with MPs and two antibiotics were reduced 12.1%,32.3%and 26.7%,respectively.Compared with the control group,the residues of antibiotics were 187.1%and 189.3%by MPs-TC and MPs-CIP,respectively.Additionally,they were lower than the control group,182.6%and 178.7%by MPs-TC-CIP,respectively.The relative abundance ratios of tet W and tet O were 1.82 and 1.78,respectively.And the relative abundance ratios of qnr A and qnr S were 1.68 and 1.71,respectively.The relative abundance of microbial community were followed by Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and Fimicutes.After the application of antibiotics an

关 键 词：微塑料 抗生素 抗性菌 酶活性 微生物群落多样性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]