生物炭改良风沙土对植物生长及养分的影响  

Effects of Biochar on Plant Growth and Nutrients in Aeolian Sandy Soil

作　　者：王道涵 杨婷赟 于令令 许端平 WANG Daohan;YANG Tingyun;YU Lingling;XU Duanping(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2024年第1期29-36,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1803801)。

摘　　要：为探究经不同浓度和不同种类生物炭改良后的风沙土中植物生长状况及养分含量变化情况,以辽宁省彰武台风沙地改良利用研究所试验基地风沙土为试验对象,进行了田间试验。以燕麦草为供试植物,分别施加秸秆炭、木炭、草炭,且每种生物炭设置5个不同的浓度梯度,均匀的施加到风沙土中,燕麦草经12周生长后,采集样品进行室内试验。主要通过分析燕麦草在不同改良条件下的株高、产量、叶绿素及氮磷钾含量,从而了解添加不同因素水平的生物炭对风沙土中植物生长及养分的影响。结果表明:不同生物炭与风沙土中燕麦草生长及养分含量均呈现极显著相关性(p<0.05),且施加浓度为4 kg·m^(-2)的秸秆炭对燕麦草株高、产量及养分含量均有明显提高,株高为109.242 cm,产量为229.25 kg·hm^(-2),叶绿素a和叶绿素b分别达到2.941 mg·g^(-1)和0.991 mg·g^(-1),氮磷钾含量分别为3.411,0.927,28.766 g·kg^(-1)。因此,施加合适的生物炭,不仅可以对土壤进行改良,还可有效提高植物产量与养分含量,实现土壤有效利用的同时提高作物产量。In order to investigate the plant growth and nutrient content changes in aeolian sandy soil improved by different concentrations and species of biochar,a field experiment was carried out on the aeolian sand soil of Zhangwu typhoon sand land improvement and utilization research institute in Liaoning province.In that experiment,oat grass was use as the test plant,and straw char,charcoal and grass char were applied to the aeolian sandy soil evenly with 5 different concentration gradients of each biochar.Oat grass was grown for 12 weeks and samples were collected for laboratory test.By analyzing plant height,yield,chlorophyll content,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content of oat grass under different improved conditions,the effects of biochar on plant growth and nutrient in aeolian sandy soil were studied.The results showed that the growth and nutrient content of oat grass in aeolian sandy soil were significantly correlated with different biochar(p<0.05),and the plant height,yield and nutrient content of oat grass were significantly increased by the application of straw charcoal with a concentration of 4 kg·m^(-2),and the plant height was 109.242 cm,the plant height was 109.242 cm,the yield was 229.25 kg·hm^(-2),chlorophyll a and b were 2.941 mg·g^(-1) and 0.991 mg·g^(-1) respectively,and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 3.411,0.927,28.766 g·kg^(-1) respectively.Therefore,the application of appropriate biochar can not only improve soil,but also increase plant yield and nutrient content,and improve crop yield at the same time of effective soil utilization.

关 键 词：生物炭 风沙土 燕麦草 叶绿素 氮磷钾 

分 类 号：S5-3[农业科学—作物学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]