海拔高度对长直坑道内爆炸冲击波传播的影响  

Influence of altitude on the propagation of explosion shock waves in a long straight tunnel

作　　者：李勇[1,2] 雒泓宇 冯晓伟[3] 胡宇鹏[3] 张军[3] 李海涛[1,2] LI Yong;LUO Hongyu;FENG Xiaowei;HU Yupeng;ZHANG Jun;LI Haitao(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆400044 [3]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2024年第3期103-115,共13页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC2905700);国家自然科学基金(12202424)。

摘　　要：为有效表征不同海拔坑道内爆炸冲击波的传播特征,利用非线性显式动力学有限元软件AUTODYN,研究了海拔高度对长直坑道内爆炸冲击波传播的影响规律,探讨了高海拔环境对坑道内冲击波传播的影响,基于量纲分析,建立了适用于不同海拔高度典型坑道内冲击波峰值超压的计算模型,并通过数值计算进行了验证。结果表明:随着海拔高度升高,坑道内爆炸冲击波波阵面传播速度与径向的冲击波参数偏差增大,平面波形成距离增加,冲击波峰值超压降低;在0~4000 m范围内,海拔高度每升高1000 m,冲击波冲量降低约0.91%。结合Sachs无量纲修正方法和量纲分析,推导出不同海拔高度冲击波峰值超压的理论分析模型,模型计算结果与数值计算结果的相对偏差不大于10%,能够为高海拔环境下坑道内爆炸冲击波的传播提供理论依据。To effectively characterize the propagation characteristics of the explosion shock waves in tunnels at different altitudes,nonlinear explicit dynamics finite element software AUTODYN and dimensional analysis were used to study the influence of altitude on the propagation of explosion shock waves in long straight tunnels,and the influence characteristics of high altitude environments on the propagation of shock waves in tunnels were explored.First of all,the accuracy of the computational method was verified by comparing the peak overpressure and the time of overpressure rise of the small-scale shock tube test and the numerical simulation at the same measurement point.Then based on the AUTODYN-2D Euler symmetric algorithm and standard atmospheric parameters,the shock wave parameters of TNT explosion with 10 kg TNT spherical charge explosion in a tunnel with a diameter of 2.5 m and a length of 40 m at altitudes from 0 to 4000 m were computed,which were arranged with gauges with an axial interval of 2 m and a radial interval of 0.25 m,such as plane wave formation distance,peak overpressure,shock wave front propagation velocity,impulse,etc.In the end,a polynomial theoretic calculation model for shock wave peak overpressure in a tunnel at different altitudes was proposed with coefficients leastsquares fitted from numerical simulation data at sea level,and the variables were obtained by dimensional analysis and the extended Sachs scaling law.The results show that,with the increase of altitude,the deviations between the propagation velocity of the explosion shock wave front and the radial parameters of the shock wave in the tunnel increases,the formation distance of the plane wave increases,and the peak overpressure of the shock wave decreases.Within the altitude range of 0 to 4000 m,the average value of shock wave impulse decreases by about 0.91%for every 1000 m increase.By combining the extended Sachs scaling law with dimensional analysis,a theoretical analysis model for calculating peak overpressure of shock waves at

关 键 词：海拔高度 坑道 爆炸冲击波 量纲分析 传播特性 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]