“双碳”目标下的气候资源地方立法:现状省思与完善进路  

Reflection on the Current Situation and Improvement Approaches for Local Legislation on Climate Resources under the Goal of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：宋晓丹 槐杨[3,4] SONG Xiaodan;HUAI Yang

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学法政学院 [2]南京信息工程大学气候变化与公共政策研究院 [3]中国气象局 [4]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2024年第2期80-91,173,共13页Yuejiang Academic Journal

基　　金：中国气象局气象软科学研究重点项目“‘双碳’目标下气候资源保护与利用立法的功能定位与规范构造”(2023ZDIANXM22)。

摘　　要：气候资源地方立法是中央立法的重要补充,是应对气候变化、实现“双碳”目标、加强气象法治建设的重要举措。梳理总结我国现有的气候资源地方立法,以20部省级地方立法为样本剖析发现,气候资源地方立法已取得一定成效,立法定位逐步清晰,制度框架逐渐形成,监管机制不断健全。同时,仍存在立法理念滞后、基础概念不清、同质化问题突出、重点制度有缺漏、可操作性不强等问题。应适时更新立法理念、构建统一的上位法依据、积极转变立法思路以及提升地方立法质效,有效增强我国气候资源地方立法的科学性与规范性,发挥其应有的制度功能,促进气候资源法律体系不断完善,为实现“双碳”目标和气象事业高质量发展提供制度保障。Local legislation on climate resources serves as a crucial complement to central legislation and a key measure in addressing climate change,achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,and reinforcing the establishment of meteorological rule of law.Through a comprehensive review and analysis of local legislation on climate resources,with a focus on 20 provincial-level legislations,several deficiencies have been identified,including outdated legislative concepts,ambiguous conceptual definitions,widespread legislative homogenization,gaps in key systems,and limited operability of regulations.These issues require urgent attention and can be addressed through updating legislative concepts,establishing a unified legal framework at higher levels,transforming legislative approaches,and enhancing the quality and efficiency of legislation.Only through these measures can the scientific and normative nature of local legislation on climate resources be effectively enhanced,enabling the fulfillment of its institutional functions and facilitating the continuous improvement of the legal framework for climate resources.This,in turn,will provide essential institutional support for achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and promoting the high-quality development of the meteorological services.

关 键 词：气候资源 气候资源立法 地方立法 “双碳”目标 能源结构转型 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]