新型基础设施影响劳动工资和工资差距的内在机制  

The Internal Mechanism of How New Infrastructure Affects Labor's Wage and Wage Inequality

作　　者：皮建才[1] 范衍玮 PI Jiancai;FAN Yanwei(School of Economics,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学经济学院,210093

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2024年第1期121-136,共16页Economic Theory and Business Management

摘　　要：本文从新型基础设施的产品偏向性出发,在一般均衡框架下探讨了新型基础设施影响劳动工资和工资差距的内在机制。研究发现,新型基础设施直接带来的效率提升可以促进各类劳动工资增长,但间接导致的要素重新配置可能产生不同的结果,总效应取决于资本与各类劳动之间的替代性以及技能型中间品与非技能型中间品之间的替代性。结合中国的实际情况,技能型产品偏向型的新型基础设施可能导致工资差距扩大,但可以带来劳动工资的“普惠性”增长。This paper explores the underlying mechanisms of how new infrastructure affects labor\s wage and wage inequality,with a particular focus on the product bias of new infrastructure.The paper starts by constructing a general equilibrium model that includes skilled intermediate goods,unskilled intermediate goods,and final products.Skilled intermediate goods are produced using skilled labor and capital,while unskilled intermediate goods are produced using unskilled labor and capital.Infrastructure plays a role by enhancing production efficiency.The product bias of new infrastructure is reflected in its ability to significantly improve the production efficiency of skilled intermediate goods,reflecting the economic reality that new infrastructure can enhance the efficiency of digital products.Additionally,this paper takes into account different production conditions based on a generalized production function.The impact channels through which new infrastructure influences labor wages can be divided into direct effect and indirect effect.The direct effect is generated by the direct improvement in production efficiency due to new infrastructure,which simultaneously increases both types of labor wages.Considering the skilled product bias of new infrastructure,the direct effect disproportionately increases the marginal productivity of skilled labor,thereby widening the wage gap.The indirect effect arises from factor reallocation.Due to the product bias,new infrastructure changes the relative wages between different types of labor,leading to relative price changes of intermediate goods.This in turn alters the input proportions of intermediate goods in the production of final products,causing intersector capital flows and factor input adjustments.This factor reallocation also has an impact on factor prices,depending on the substitutability between capital and different types of labor,as well as the substitutability between skilled and unskilled intermediate goods.The results indicate that when the substitutability between capi

关 键 词：新型基础设施 产品偏向性 技能型劳动工资 非技能型劳动工资 工资差距 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济] F49[经济管理—国民经济]