关于水流挟沙力的非完全自相似分析  

Incomplete self-similarity analysis of sediment transport capacity

作　　者：程年生 郑柯祺 卢叶盛 徐璞儿 CHENG Nian-sheng;ZHENG Ke-qi;LU Ye-sheng;XU Pu-er(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2024年第1期1-7,30,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979242)。

摘　　要：张瑞瑾挟沙力公式在泥沙工程计算中已得到广泛应用,然而如何确定公式中的系数和指数,目前尚无有效的直接计算方法。从量纲分析入手,基于非完全自相似原理,提出了一种新的挟沙力分析方法,并采用水槽实验资料进行了检验和详细说明。分析结果表明:张瑞瑾公式中的指数可表达为V/ω(其中V为水流平均流速,ω为泥沙颗粒沉速)的对数函数,而其系数则与V/ω成幂函数关系。通过考虑V/ω对公式系数和指数的影响后,挟沙力公式的预测精度明显提高,计算误差可减少36%~49%。由于所用资料的范围有限,提出的公式普适性有待验证,但所采用的分析方法可能也适用于其他挟沙力问题。Zhang Ruijin's sediment transport capacity formula has been widely used in sediment engineering.However,there is no effective general method for determining the coefficient and exponent included in Zhang's formula.Based on the dimensional analysis and incomplete self-similarity argument,a theoretical approach for analyzing sediment transport capacity is proposed and further calibrated and illustrated with carefully selected laboratory data.The results show that the exponent in Zhang's formula can be expressed as a logarithmic function of V/ω(where V is the average flow velocity,andωis the settling velocity of sediment particles),while its coefficient is related to V/ωin the form of power law.By considering the effects of V/ωon the coefficient and exponent,the accuracy of sediment transport capacity using the exponential formula is significantly improved,with the prediction errors being reduced by 36%~49%.Due to the limited experimental data,the universality of the proposed formula needs to be verified but the developed analytical method is still applicable to other sediment transport capacity problems.

关 键 词：水流挟沙力 非完全自相似 明渠水流 量纲分析 

分 类 号：TV142.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]