口罩对学前听障儿童语音感知投入听配能的影响研究  

The Impact of Wearing Masks on Speech Perception and Listening Effort in Pre-School Children with Hearing Impairment

作　　者：胡洋 赵航[1] 刘巧云[1] HU Yang;ZHAO Hang;LIU Qiao-yun

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学康复科学系,上海200062

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2024年第2期146-149,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的探究说话者佩戴口罩对学前听障儿童语音感知投入听配能的影响。方法采用3(口罩类型:不戴口罩、外科口罩、透明口罩)×2(视听水平:纯听、视听)两因素重复测量实验设计。通过串行回忆任务测量29名学前听障儿童的工作记忆得分,以了解听配能投入情况。结果纯听觉条件下,学前听障儿童在不戴口罩水平下平均得分33.91%,与外科口罩测试得分30.32%之间不存在显著差异(P=0.315),但显著高于透明口罩平均得分25.72%(P<0.001),且戴外科口罩得分显著高于透明口罩(P=0.045)。视听水平下,学前听障儿童在不戴口罩时平均得分(41.15%),显著高于外科口罩(28.02%)(P<0.001)和透明口罩(32.90%)(P<0.001),且戴透明口罩得分显著高于戴外科口罩(P=0.030<0.05)。结论说话者配戴口罩会导致学前听障儿童在语音感知时投入的听配能水平升高,但纯听时的戴外科口罩以及视听时戴透明口罩条件下儿童投入听配能相对更少。Objective To explore the specific impact of wearing a mask on the engagement of listening effort in speech perception among preschool hearing-impaired children.Methods Use 3(mask types:no mask,surgical mask,transparent mask)×2(audiovisual level:pure listening,audiovisual)two factors repeated measurement experimental design.This study measured the working memory score of 29 preschool hearing-impaired children using a serial recall task to understand their listening effort fitness engagement.Results Under pure auditory conditions,the average score of preschool hearing-impaired children without masks was 33.91%,which was not significantly different from the surgical mask test score of 30.32%(P=0.315),but significantly higher than the average score of 25.72%for transparent masks(P<0.001),and the surgical mask score was significantly higher than the transparent mask score(P=0.045).At the audio-visual level,the average score of preschool hearing-impaired children without wearing masks was 41.15%,significantly higher than the 28.02%score of surgical masks(P<0.001)and the 32.90%score of transparent masks(P<0.001),and the score of transparent masks was significantly higher than that of surgical masks(P=0.030).Conclusion Wearing a mask can lead to an increase in the level of listening effort invested in speech perception by preschool hearing-impaired children,but under the conditions of surgical masks for pure listening and transparent masks for audiovisual use,children are relatively less engaged in listening effort.

关 键 词：学前听障儿童 语音感知 听配能 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]