考虑无形资产框架下全要素生产率对经济增长质量的贡献  

The Contribution of Total Factor Productivity to the Quality of Economic Growth under the Framework of Intangible Assets

作　　者：曹麦[1] Cao Mai(Research Institute of Statistical Sciences,National Bureau of Statistics)

机构地区：[1]国家统计局统计科学研究所

出　　处：《调研世界》2024年第3期68-78,共11页The World of Survey and Research

基　　金：第四次全国经济普查资料开发应用课题“我国制造业全要素生产率比较研究”(JJPCZB24)的资助。

摘　　要：在知识经济时代,无形资本被视为促进经济增长的重要决定因素。本文在对无形资产进行分类的基础上,估算了我国宏观层面的无形资产投资规模及无形资本存量,并将其引入增长核算模型,测算各类要素以及全要素生产率(TFP)对经济增长的贡献。研究得到以下结论:2003—2021年,我国无形资产投资规模增长快速,高于同时期的固定资产投资增速以及国内生产总值增速。从结构看,无形资产投资中创新资产占比最高,但其中的研究与试验发展支出还需要加强;计算机信息化资产和经济竞争力资产占比相对较低,尤其是经济竞争力资产中的员工人力资本和企业组织资本投资支出还有较大提升空间。从贡献率看,无形资本深化对经济增长质量的贡献率显著上升,近10年来贡献率上升近10个百分点;TFP对经济增长质量起到重要作用,在考虑无形资产要素后,TFP的贡献率有所下降,这表明以往TFP的测算可能被高估。In the era of knowledge economy,intangible capital is regarded as an important determinant of promoting economic growth.Based on the classification of intangible assets,this paper estimates the scale and stock of intangible assets at the macro level in China in detail,and introduces them into the growth accounting model,and then measures the contribution of various factors and total factor productivity(TFP)to economic growth.The following conclusions are drawn:From 2003 to 2021,the scale of intangible assets investment in China grew rapidly,higher than the growth rate of fixed assets investment and GDP growth in the same period.In terms of the structure,innovative assets account for the highest proportion in intangible assets investment,but the research and development expenditure still needs to be strengthened;computerized information assets and economic competitiveness assets account for a relatively low proportion,especially the human capital and organizational capital investment expenditure in economic competitiveness assets.In terms of the contribution rate,the contribution rate of deepening intangible capital to the quality of economic growth has increased significantly by nearly 10 percentage points in the past decade.TFP plays an important role in the quality of economic growth.After considering the intangible assets factor,the contribution rate of TFP has decreased,which indicates that the previous measurement of TFP may be overestimated.

关 键 词：无形资产 经济增长 全要素生产率 增长核算 资本深化 

分 类 号：C812[社会学—统计学]