四川华鳊外周血液及血细胞发生的观察  

Observation of hematocytes in peripheral blood and the hematopoiesis in Sinibrama taeniatus

作　　者：石金凤 刘小红 汪浩宇 刘小琴 王志坚 SHI Jinfeng;LIU Xiaohong;WANG Haoyu;LIU Xiaoqin;WANG Zhijian(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing,School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院,淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,水产科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第3期76-86,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2017shms-zdyf0201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(SWU119006)。

摘　　要：为探讨四川华鳊血细胞的组成类型及其血细胞发生过程,研究其免疫系统的基本组成,实验采用Wright-Giemsa染液对其外周血涂片以及血细胞发生相关的头肾、体肾、脾脏和肝脏的印片进行染色,观察并统计各类血细胞的形态、大小以及数量组成。结果显示,四川华鳊的外周血液血细胞包括红细胞和白细胞,红细胞是主要类群。白细胞有淋巴细胞、粒细胞、单核细胞、血栓细胞等类型,其中淋巴细胞占比最高,达65.79%±0.10%,为主要类群;其次是血栓细胞,占16.76%±0.07%;再次为嗜中性粒细胞,占13.92%±0.09%;单核细胞含量最少,仅有3.33%±0.01%。四川华鳊的血细胞发生可分为红细胞系、淋巴细胞系、单核细胞系、粒细胞系;发育历程均可分为原始阶段、幼稚阶段和成熟阶段,其中红细胞的幼稚阶段包括早、晚2个时期,而粒细胞的幼稚阶段可划分为早、中、晚3个不同时期。各造血器官中,头肾和体肾是主要的血细胞发生场所,脾脏也有一定的造血功能,但肝脏仅具有淋巴细胞的生成功能。幼稚阶段的各类血细胞会迁移至肝脏等器官进行发育和成熟。本研究为长江特有鱼类四川华鳊进一步开展在免疫等方面的研究以及实现其科学化人工养殖和健康评估提供了基础资料。Sinibrama taeniatus is a small economic fish endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.In order to figure out the component types of hematocytes and the hematopoiesis process,and thus to further provide valuable information on the fundamental construction of the immune system of S.taeniatus,smears of peripheral blood and imprints including pronephros,body kidney,liver and spleen were stained with Wright-Giemsa staining.After that,the morphological characteristics and distribution of hematocytes in peripheral blood and hematopoietic organs were observed,and the sizes and proportion of different types of hematocytes in the detected four organ prints were statistically analyzed as well.The results showed that the hematocytes of S.taeniatus was mainly com-prised of erythrocytes and leukocytes.Leukocytes can be divided into several types including lymphocytes,granulocytes,monocytes,thrombocytes and so on.In the peripheral blood smears,as the main group,lymphocytes accounted for the largest proportion of total leukocytes(65.79%±0.10%),followed by thrombocytes and neutro-phils,accounting for 16.76%±0.07%and 13.92%±0.09%respectively.The number of monocytes was the least,only 3.33%±0.01%.The hematopoiesis of S.taeniatus was mainly divided into four lineages:erythroid,lymphoid,monocytoid and granuloid,and each lineage can be further divided into three stages called primitive,immature and mature ones.The second stages of all three kinds varied depending on types.Immature erythrocytes can just be divided into early and late periods,while that of granulocytes consisted early,middle and late periods.Among these four hematopoietic organs,the pronephros and body kidney were the central place,while the spleen main-tained the ability of hematopoiesis of various blood cells,and the liver can only host the development of lympho-cytes.Blood cells in the immature stage can migrate to peripheral organs to develop and further mature.These res-ults of the present study provided a basis for further research on the immune syste

关 键 词：四川华鳊 血细胞 血细胞发生 

分 类 号：Q172[生物学—水生生物学] S917.4[生物学—普通生物学]