紫金山两种典型林分土壤磷组分特征及其影响因素  

Characteristics of soil phosphorus fractions of two typical stands in Zijinshan Mountain and their driving factors

作　　者：谷雨晴 袁在翔 牛莹莹 吴茜 邹朋峻 关庆伟[1,2] GU Yuqing;YUAN Zaixiang;NIU Yingying;WU Qian;ZOU Pengjun;GUAN Qingwei(Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学生态与环境学院,江苏南京210037 [3]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第2期136-147,共12页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新项目"精准提升我省典型低效林固碳能力的关键技术创新研发与集成熟化"(LYKJ〔2022〕04);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：明晰不同林分类型对土壤磷含量和组分的影响程度,以期为亚热带区域提高土壤磷有效性和维持土壤肥力提供科学依据。以紫金山77年生的朴树(Celtis sinensis)、糙叶树(Aphananthe aspera)阔叶混交林和马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、枫香(Liquidambar formosana)针阔混交林为研究对象,测定了0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层的磷组分、微生物生物量磷、凋落物和细根的化学组成以及磷酸酶活性,并对土壤磷组分和环境因子进行了冗余分析。结果表明:阔叶混交林的活性磷、中等活性磷和稳定性磷含量均高于针阔混交林,表明阔叶混交林土壤具有较高的磷有效性和供应能力;阔叶混交林和针阔混交林各磷组分占总磷(TP)比例具有相似规律,从高到低依次为:稳定性磷>中等活性磷>活性磷,其中,NaHCO_(3)-Po、NaOH-Pi、NaOH-Po、HCl-Pi、Residual-P在不同林分和土层间均存在显著差异(P<0.05),NaHCO_(3)-Pi仅在土层间具有显著差异(P<0.05);冗余分析表明,阔叶混交林土壤磷组分受凋落物碳磷比(C/P_(L))、细根碳氮比(C/N_(F))、土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)调控,除NaHCO_(3)-Po、NaOH-Po、HCl-Pi外,其余磷组分与DOC呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著正相关(P<0.01),7种磷组分与C/P_(L)呈正相关,与C/N_(F)呈负相关,但均不显著。针阔混交林土壤磷组分受土壤铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、凋落物氮磷比(N/P_(L))、细根磷含量(P_(F))调控,除NaHCO_(3)-Pi外,其余磷组分与NH_(4)^(+)-N呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著正相关(P<0.01),与P_(F)呈正相关,与N/P_(L)呈负相关,但均不显著。综上,阔叶混交林能够显著提高土壤有效性磷含量,两种林分类型下土壤磷组分受不同因素调控,其中,土壤中氮元素含量、微生物生物量磷含量是导致两种林分土壤磷组分变化的共同调控因素。This study investigated the influence of stand type on soil phosphorus(P)fractions and content with the aim of establishing a scientific basis for enhancing soil P availability and sustaining fertility in forest ecosystems.We examined the P fractions,microbial biomass P,litter and fine root chemical properties,and phosphatase activity in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers of a 77-year-old deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest and a 77-year-old coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest in Zijinshan Mountain.Redundancy analysis of soil P fractions and environmental factors was conducted.The results indicated that the mixed deciduous broad-leaved forest had higher levels of active and stable P than the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest,suggesting greater availability and supply capacity in the former.In both forests,the proportions of soil P fractions to total P(TP)were consistently stable P>medium active P>active P.Significant differences were observed in NaHCO_(3)-Po,NaOH-Pi,NaOH-Po,HCl-Pi,and Residual-P between stand types and soil layers(P<0.05),and NaHCO_(3)-Pi differed significantly between soil layers(P<0.05).Redundancy analysis revealed that the soil P fractions in the deciduous forest was influenced by the litter C/P ratio(C/P_(L)),fine root C/N ratio(C/N_(F)),except for NaHCO_(3)-Po,NaOH-Po,and HCl-Pi,the other P fractions were significantly(P<0.05)or highly significantly positively correlated(P<0.01)with DOC.The seven P fractions were positively correlated with C/P_(L) and negatively correlated with C/N_(F),but not significantly.In contrast,soil P fractions in the coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest was affected by soil ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),litter N/P ratio(N/P_(L)),and fine root P content(P_(F)),with the exception of NaHCO_(3)-Pi,the remaining P fractions showed significant(P<0.05)or highly significant positive correlations(P<0.01)with NH_(4)^(+)-N,were positively associated with P_(F),and had negative correlations with N/P_(L),although these were not significant.In conclusion,the decidu

关 键 词：土壤磷组分 阔叶混交林 针阔混交林 微生物生物量磷 凋落物 细根 酸性磷酸酶活性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]