缓释肥对白枪杆幼苗生物量和养分积累的影响  

Effects of slow-release fertilizer on biomass and nutrient accumulation of Fraxinus malacophylla seedlings

作　　者：郑绍傑 董琼 叶澜 赵启泽 段华超 ZHENG Shaojie;DONG Qiong;YE Lan;ZHAO Qize;DUAN Huachao(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Southwest Mountain Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization of the Ministry of Education,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第2期164-174,共11页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：云南省"三区"科技人才支持计划基金项目"云南石漠化乡土树种白枪杆对降水分布的生态适应机制"(990023236);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目"滇东南石漠化地区乡土树种白枪杆高钙适应机制"(2021J0166)。

摘　　要：为探究4种缓释肥用量对白枪杆(Fraxinus malacophylla)幼苗氮磷钾(N、P、K)化学计量比与生物量的影响,筛选适宜苗木生长最优施肥量。以1年生白枪杆幼苗为研究对象,设置4种施肥量(0、1、2、4 kg·m^(-3)),不施肥(CK)为对照,对各器官生物量、生长量及N、P、K含量进行测定,并计算N、P、K积累量;对生物量及N、P、K进行曲线拟合,分析各器官N、P、K积累量及化学计量比与生物量之间的关系。结果表明:白枪杆幼苗养分积累及生物量均在缓释肥用量为1 kg·m^(-3)下效果最佳,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各器官生物量及N、P、K积累量均表现为叶>根>茎,各器官及单株养分积累量均表现为N>K>P。各器官及单株N、P、K积累量与白枪杆幼苗生物量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),N∶P、K∶P与生物量呈负相关,而N∶K与生物量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。白枪杆幼苗各器官N∶P值均小于14,植物生长受N元素限制,N∶K<2.10、K∶P>3.40,植物生长不受K影响。综上所述:缓释肥用量为1 kg·m^(-3)时,有利于白枪杆幼苗的生长及各器官养分含量的积累。This study aimed to investigate the effects of four types of slow-release fertilizers on the stoichiometric ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium and biomass of Fraxinus malacophylla seedlings and to screen for the optimal fertilization amount for seedling growth.Four fertilization rates(0,1,2,and 4 kg·m^(-3))were employed as treatment for one-year-old F.malacophylla seedlings,with no fertilization(CK)as the control.Biomass,growth,and N,P,and K contents of each organ were measured,and the accumulation of N,P,and K was calculated.Curve fitting was performed to analyze the relationship between N,P,and K accumulation in various organs and stoichiometric ratio and biomass.The results showed that the best nutrient accumulation and biomass of F.malacophylla seedlings were obtained under the dosage of 1 kg·m^(-3) slow-release fertilizer,and significantly higher than those of the control group.The biomass of each organ and the accumulation of N,P,and K was in this order as follows:leaf>root>stem,and the accumulation of nutrients in each organ and single plant was in this order:N>K>P.A highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01)was observed between the accumulation of N,P,and K in various organs and biomass of F.malacophylla seedlings.N∶P and K∶P negatively correlated with biomass,whereas N∶K significantly positively correlated with biomass(P<0.05).The N∶P values of all organs of F.malacophylla seedlings were<14;plant growth was limited by elemental N,N∶K<2.10,and K∶P>3.40;and plant growth was not influenced by K.In summary,a dosage of 1 kg·m^(-3) slow-release fertilizer is beneficial for the growth of F.malacophylla seedlings.

关 键 词：缓释肥 氮 磷 钾 养分积累 生物量 白枪杆 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学]