基于根底控制的深孔台阶爆破超深优选方法  

An Ultra-deep Subdrilling Optimization Method for Deep-hole Bench Blasting based on Toe Rock Control

作　　者：王洪刚 贾永胜[1,2,3] 余浩天 罗鹏[3] 黄炳林 周俊汝 WANG Hong-gang;JIA Yong-sheng;YU Hao-tian;LUPeng;HUANG Bing-lin;ZHOU Jun-ru(State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting Engineering,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering,Jianghan Engineering,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;Wuhan Explosions&Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China;Collge of Science,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉430056 [2]江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室,武汉430056 [3]武汉爆破有限公司,武汉430056 [4]武汉科技大学理学院,武汉430065

出　　处：《爆破》2024年第1期44-50,共7页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51904210);江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室、江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室联合开放基金资助(编号:PBSKL2022D07);爆破工程湖北省重点实验室基金项目(编号:BL2021-11);湖北省重点研发计划项目(编号:2020BCA084)。

摘　　要：在露天台阶爆破中,根底是衡量爆破效果的一个重要指标,其中爆破参数钻孔超深对根底的形成有着最为直接的影响。为探究深孔台阶爆破中钻孔超深对爆后台阶面平整度的影响,基于岩石损伤力学等基本理论,通过对工程中岩体损伤变量与波速间关系的统计分析,定义岩体发生损伤的临界损伤变量阈值D_(d)为0.2,临界破碎状态岩体的损伤阈值D_(t)为0.8。在综合考虑拉压损伤效应的岩石动力学损伤模型的基础上,利用LS-DYNA动力有限元软件,模拟不同钻孔超深条件下的台阶爆破损伤范围;基于岩体临界破碎状态的损伤变量阈值,绘制爆后台阶面的起伏分布图像,并利用图像进行量化分析,通过比较确定最优的钻孔超深,保证上台阶岩体充分破坏的同时,不影响下台阶面的施工。最后,结合鄂州机场土石方深孔台阶爆破的实际情况,验证了钻孔超深对爆破根底的影响机制,总结得到一种确定深孔台阶爆破最佳超深取值的优选方法,通过优化超深取值改善爆后新台阶面的平整度。In open-pit bench blasting,blasting TBlasting toe rocks is an important indicator to measure the blas-ting effect in open-pit bench blasting,and it is most directly influenced by the blasting parameters have the most di-rect influence on the formation of blasting toes.In order to find outresearch the influence of ultra-deepsubdrilling on the smoothness flatness of bench in deep-hole bench blasting,statistical analysis of the relationship between damage variables and wave velocity in rock mass was conducted based on the basic theories of rock damage mechanics.based on the basic theories of rock damage mechanics and through statistical analysis of the relationship between damage variables in engineering and wave velocity in rocks,Tthe threshold values of damage variable,D_(d) for critical damage variable damage state of of rock mass is determined as Dd that is was 0.2,and the damage threshold D_(t) of for rock breaking mass in critical broken state is was were defined as 0.2 and 0.8,respectively.based on the basic theories of rock damage mechanics and through statistical analysis of the relationship between damage variables in engineering and wave velocity in rocks.Furthermore,Based on the dynamic damage model of rock with comprehensive considera-tion of the damage effect of tension and compression,the damage range of bench blasting under different conditions of with different subdrilling conditionsultra-deep was simulated by using the dynamic finite element analysis program LS-DYNA based on the dynamic damage model of rock mass with a comprehensive consideration of tension and com-pression effect.Meanwhile;based on the threshold of critical damage variable,the fluctuations distribution image of the bench surface after blasting was drawn to determine the optimal ultra-deep of subdrilling hole based on D,the threshold of critical damage variable,and the image is was used for the quantitative analysis,so as to ensure that the rock mass of upper bench was fully damaged without affecting the construction of the lower b

关 键 词：台阶爆破 钻孔超深 爆破根底 临界损伤阈值 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]