山城地区框剪结构群楼安全高效爆破拆除  

Efficient Blasting Demolition of Frame-shear Structure Buildings in Mountain City

作　　者：贾永胜 刘桂勇[3] 黄小武 刘伦志[4] 伍岳 陈港 JIA Yong-sheng;LIU Gui-yong;HUANG Xiao-wu;LIU Lun-zhi;WU Yue;CHEN Gang(State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;Wuhan Explosion&Blasting Co.,,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China;Security Corps of Chongqing Municipal Public Security Bureau,Chongqing 401147,China;Security Brigade of Yunyang District Municipal Public Security Bureau,Yunyang 404500,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉430056 [2]武汉爆破有限公司,武汉430056 [3]重庆市公安局治安总队,重庆401147 [4]云阳县公安局治安大队,云阳404500

出　　处：《爆破》2024年第1期98-105,共8页Blasting

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XZ-35);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA084)。

摘　　要：山城地区的房屋大多依山而建,具有地势高低不平、建筑布置错落和周边环境复杂等特点。重庆市某地区有10栋框剪结构违章建筑需要拆除,因施工安全、进度等要求,确定选用单切口定向爆破拆除方式。结合爆破拆除工程实践,根据10栋违建群楼的平面位置、空间分布特点和周边环境,提出了相应的总体爆破方案,优化施工组织,在15 d内分3次安全高效地完成了群楼爆破拆除任务。针对影响楼房倒塌及爆破效果的高陡岩质边坡、山谷和陡坎等环境因素,通过优化爆破切口、预留缓冲层,合理设计爆破孔网参数等技术手段,可靠保证了楼房的定向倒塌。通过合理设计起爆网路的分区和延时,并高效地组织组网连接操作,实现了大规模工业电子雷管同网延时可靠起爆。最终有效控制了楼房的倒塌堆积范围和爆破有害效应,各楼房倒塌解体充分,爆堆集中,周边各类保护对象均安然无恙。工程实践结果表明:工业电子雷管起爆网路可满足多单元、多层次的大规模起爆网路需求,为类似工程提供了重要借鉴。Most of the buildings in the mountain city area are built on leaning the mountains,with the character-istics of uneven terrain,scattered architectural layoutscattered layout of buildings and complex surrounding environ-ment.In a certain area of Chongqing,there are were 10 frame-shear wall structure illegal buildings with a frame-shear structure that need to be demolished.Due to the requirements of construction safety and progress,single incision di-rectional blasting demolition is was determinedadopted.Combined withBased on related the practice experience of blasting demolition project,according to the plane position,spatial distribution characteristics and surrounding envi-ronment of 10 illegal buildings,thean corresponding overall blasting scheme is was put forward according to the plane positionlayout,spatial distribution characteristics and surrounding environment of the 10 illegal buildings.And optimi-zing construction organization,tThe blasting demolition task of this building group is was completed safely and effi-ciently in three times within 15 days under an optimizding construction organization.In view of the environmental fac-tors such as high and steep rock slopes,valleys and scarps that which affect the collapse of the building and the blas-ting effect,the directional collapse of the buildings can bewere reliably guaranteed by optimizing the blasting inci-sions,reserving buffer layers,and rationally designing blasting parameters.Through the rational reasonable design of the partition sections and delay times of firing circuitthe initiation network,and efficient organization of the circuit connection operations,the athe reliable delay initiation of large-scale industrial electronic detonator network is was re-alized.Finally,the collapse accumulation range and blasting harmful effects of building arewere effectively con-trolled.The collapse of eEach building is was fully disintegrated,the blasting heap piles fragments arewere concen-trated,and all kinds of surrounding protection objects are were safe.T

关 键 词：爆破拆除 框剪结构 工业电子雷管 爆破效果 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]