当代俄罗斯社会孤儿现象探析  

On the Phenomenon of Social Orphans in Russia

作　　者：杨倩雯 Yang Qianwen(School of Russian Language,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学俄语学院,北京100089

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2024年第2期80-83,共4页Journal of Heihe University

摘　　要：近年来,社会孤儿现象在俄罗斯蔓延开来,日益成为政界和社会关注的焦点问题。20世纪末,俄罗斯发生的社会政治经济变革致使经济严重衰退,民不聊生,社会动荡,社会情绪普遍低落,俄罗斯人的家庭观逐渐淡漠,引发了家庭危机,严重削弱了家庭作为最重要的社会单位抚养和教育子女的意愿和能力,导致社会孤儿的数量和规模呈不断扩大之势,加剧了克服人口危机的困难。为预防和解决社会孤儿问题,俄罗斯政府积极构建社会孤儿预防体系,并采取措施对社会孤儿进行安置,保障其生存权和发展权。俄罗斯克服社会孤儿既成事实的后果已取得显著成效,但从根本原因出发,防止社会孤儿产生和蔓延的预防工作还有待于进一步提升。In recent years,the wide-spread phenomenon of social orphans in Russia has become an increasingly important issue of political and social concern.At the end of the twentieth century,the socio-political and economic changes that took place in Russia led to a serious economic recession,lack of livelihoods,social unrest,a generalized downturn in social sentiments,and the gradual erosion of Russians’concept of the family,which triggered the family crisis and has seriously weakened the willingness and ability of raising and educating children for the family,which is viewed as the most important social unit,to raise and educate children.The phenomenon has led to a steady increase in the number of social orphans,which has seriously exacerbated the difficulties of overcoming the demographic crisis in Russia.In recent years,for preventing and resolving the problem of social orphans,the Russian Government has been actively building a system for the prevention of social orphanhood and has taken measures to place social orphans and to guarantee their right to existence and development.At present,while Russia has achieved significant results in overcoming the consequences of social orphanhood,there is a need to further enhance the measures of preventing the spread of social orphans from its root causes.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 人口危机 社会孤儿 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]