“语义中的隐性参项——观察者”的多维研究  

A Multidimensional Study of“Implicit Parameter in Semantics—the Observer”

作　　者：韩泽伟 Han Zewei(Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2024年第2期122-126,共5页Journal of Heihe University

摘　　要：“观察者”概念是俄罗斯语言学家АпресянЮ.Д提出的,作为语言学领域的关键术语,“观察者”被广泛应用于语言研究的各个层面。在原型观察者层面,除了基于语义客体和感知主体分析外,引入参照时间概念,对语义合理性进行重新剖析;在观察者空间指示性层面,分析“вдалеке”和“быть”的观察者空间定位特点;在“быть”属格结构的观察者层面,分析处所意义中的观察者,并指出处所意义的属格构式与存在意义属格构式本质上存在区别;在动词体层面,从时态角度比较了内部观察者和外部观察者对句子语义的影响,并指出未完成体也可以存在显性主体,是参与者的角色。The concept of“observer”,proposed by the Russian linguistАпресянЮ.Д.,is viewed as a key term in the field of linguistics,“Observer”is widely used in all levels of language research.At the prototype observer level,in addition to the analysis based on semantic objects and perceptual subjects,the concept of reference time is introduced to re-analyze semantic rationality;At the spatial indication level of the observer,researchers re-analyze semantic rationality by introducing the concept of reference time,in addition to the analysis based on semantic object and perceptual subject;at the indicative level of space,researchers analyze the characteristics of the observer’s spatial positioning regarding“вдалеке”;“быть”;at the genitive structure level of“быть”,researchers analyze the observer in place meaning and points out that there is an essential diff erence between the genitive structure of the meaning of the place and the genitive structure of the meaning of existence;at the aspect level of verbs,they compare the infl uence of internal observers and external observers on the semantics of sentences from the perspective of tenses,and point out that the unfi nished aspect can also have dominant subjects,which play the roles of participants.

关 键 词：非常规观察者 原型观察者 空间定位 属格构式 动词体 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]