移动式风机组合对建筑火灾排烟效果影响的研究  

Study on the influence of mobile fan combination on smoke exhaust effect of building fire

作　　者：赵荣煊 张蔺 杨双红 王万通 Zhao Rongxuan;Zhang Lin;Yang Shuanghong;Wang Wantong(China Fire and Rescue Institute,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国消防救援学院,北京102200

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第3期350-355,共6页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家消防救援局科技计划项目(2023XFCX34);中国消防救援学院教改项目(2023SJJX10Y,2023SJJX05)。

摘　　要：为探明不同正压式移动风机组合(并联、串联、上下和V型)对建筑火灾排烟效果的影响,采用试验测量与基于大涡模拟火灾动力学仿真相结合的方式,研究不同风机组合的火场排烟场景、排烟效率及注意事项。结果表明,4种风机组合均满足空气锥气流覆盖进风口、增加室内压力的需求。当风机组合摆放成V型时,建筑物内的气流组织效果优于其他组合。上下型、并联风机组合排烟时,两台风机射流中心点距离过于接近会造成部分空气锥形成的气流相互叠加,从而增加空气锥内部涡旋的形成,能耗增加。风机串联时,前台风机的电机阻碍后面气流运动,导致流速降低。论证了风机组合在实践中的应用,从而验证其战术的可行性,为火场排烟提供理论依据。This study aimed to investigate the impact of various combinations of positive pressure mobile fans(parallel,series,upper-lower-shaped,and V-shaped)on the effectiveness of smoke exhaust during building fires.By employing a combination of experimental measurement and numerical simulation using a large eddy simulation fire dynamics model,this research examines the application scenarios,smoke extraction efficiency,and necessary precautions associated with different combinations of fire smoke extraction.The results suggest that four different combinations of fans effectively achieve the desired airflow to cover the air inlet and increase indoor pressure.Specifically,when the fans are arranged in a V-shape,the air intake effect is superior compared to other configurations within the building.It should be noted that the proximity of the two air jets can lead to the formation of overlapping air cones between fans,particularly in the case of parallel-shaped and upper-lower-shaped fans.This overlapping can result in increased superposition of air vortices and energy consumption caused by certain air cones.This paper aims to examine the practical application of series-shaped positive pressure mobile fans,specifically addressing the issue of decreased flow rate caused by the obstruction of the rear airflow by the motor of the front fan.The objective is to verify the feasibility of employing this fan combination and establish a theoretical foundation for its use in smoke exhaust during fire incidents.

关 键 词：建筑火灾 正压式移动风机 风机组合 排烟效率 FDS 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程] TU892