阳明心学与吴敬梓及其《儒林外史》的创作  

Wang Yangming's Study of Mind,Wu Jingzi and the Creation of The Scholars

作　　者：吕贤平 LYV Xianping(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363030,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学文学院,福建漳州363030

出　　处：《阜阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期72-80,共9页Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金项目(FJ2022B015)。

摘　　要：王阳明心学思想与吴敬梓的思想及其《儒林外史》的创作有许多相通处。吴敬梓并非全盘接受心学思想,但是阳明心学思想所表现的精神自主、所体现的个人道德意志尤其为吴敬梓所推崇。《儒林外史》的人物塑造及思想表达、吴敬梓对精英文化的认识与反思皆由此而深入展开,小说不断重述心学的命题,包括对士人群体精英意识与社会精英文化的留恋。小说描述的三代之治的理想社会,蕴含从复古转向思想、学术和政治的革新意识,是吴敬梓的理想国蓝图,亦与阳明心学思想有相通之处,并一直召唤起无数知识分子投身于社会改革中。There are many similarities between Wang Yangming's study of mind and Wu Jingzi's thought and the creation of The Scholars.Wu Jingzi did not fully accept the Wang Yangming's study of mind,but the spiritual autonomy and personal moral will be embodied in Wang Yangming's study of mind which were especially respected by Wu Jingzi.The characterization and thought expression of The Scholars,what's more,Wu Jingzi's understanding and self-examination on the elite culture are all deeply developed from the reason.The novel constantly retells the proposition of Wang Yangming's study of mind,including the nostalgia for the elite consciousness of scholars and the social elite culture.The ideal society of the three generations of governance described in the novel contains a change from retro to thought,academic and political innovative consciousness.It is Wu Jingzi's blueprint of the ideal country,but also interlinked with Wang Yangming's study of mind,and has always attracted countless traditional scholars who are interested in rectifying and reforming the social order.

关 键 词：儒林外史 心学 精英文化 道德意志 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]