基于晶闸管的放电冲击波油气增产装置研制  

Development of Thyristor-based Discharge Shock Wave Oil and Gas Production Enhancement Device

作　　者：陆金波 贺宗鉴 朱鑫磊 黄昆 LU Jin-bo;HE Zong-jian;ZHU Xin-lei;HUANG Kun(College of Electrical Engineering and Information,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610000,China;Tsinghua Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute,Chengdu 610200,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学电气信息学院,成都610000 [2]清华四川能源互联网研究院,成都610200

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第5期1885-1892,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12171073);四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC1261);四川省重点研发计划(2022YFS0020)。

摘　　要：井下电脉冲技术是实现油气井解堵增产的新型途径之一,放电开关是支撑其产生冲击压力波的基础。针对基于自触发气体开关的油气井增产装置放电电压不可控的缺点,设计了一种利用晶闸管串联构成放电开关的新型油气井增产实验装置。为确保实验装置能安全应用于大功率高电压场合下,设计了静态与动态均压电路,以避免装置运行时晶闸管过电压击穿。使用现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array, FPGA)作为主控芯片,控制晶闸管导通放电,实现放电电压的可控调节。采用光纤传输控制信号,使隔离电压不受限制。同时设计了高压取能单元,为各晶闸管驱动电路提供独立的供电电源。实验结果表明,此装置电压钳位能力良好,放电电压控制精确,解堵效果明显,为新型油气井增产装置井下作业奠定了基础。Downhole electric pulse technology is one of the new ways to achieve unblocked oil and gas wells to increase production,and the discharge switch is the basis to support its generation of shock pressure waves.A new type of oil and gas well production enhancement experimental device using thyristor series to constitute a discharge switch was designed for the disadvantage of uncontrollable discharge voltage of oil and gas well production enhancement device based on self-triggered gas switch.To ensure that the experimental device is safely used in high-power and high-voltage applications,static and dynamic voltage equalization circuits were designed to avoid overvoltage breakdown of the thyristor when the device is in operation.Using a field programmable gate array(FPGA)as the main control chip,the thyristor was controlled to conduct and discharge,achieving controllable adjustment of discharge voltage.The high-voltage energy extraction circuit was also designed to provide independent power supply for each thyristor drive circuit.The experimental results show that this device has good voltage clamp capability,precise discharge voltage control and obvious unblocking effect,which lays the foundation for the downhole operation of the new oil and gas well production enhancement device.

关 键 词：解堵增产 晶闸管串联 现场可编程门阵列 光纤传输 高压取能 

分 类 号：TE934[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]