华北山前平原区厚包气带次降水入渗补给定量估算  

Quantitative estimation of sub-precipitation infiltration recharge of the thick vadose zone in the piedmont region of the North China Plain

作　　者：刘美英[1,2] 高雅 张俊芝 沈彦俊 吴林[1,2] 李明良 闵雷雷[1,2] LIU Meiying;GAO Ya;ZHANG Junzhi;SHEN Yanjun;WU Lin;LI Mingliang;MIN Leilei(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Labo-ratory of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hebei Provincial Hydrological Survey and Research Center,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室/河北省节水农业重点实验室,石家庄050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河北省水文勘测研究中心,石家庄050051

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2024年第3期446-455,共10页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河北省创新能力提升计划项目(225A4201D);国家自然科学基金项目(41930865,41877169);河北省水利科技计划项目资助。

摘　　要：降水入渗补给定量估算对于区域水资源评价具有重要作用。在干旱半干旱地区,年降水入渗补给量通常取决于年内几次集中的降水特性。因而,开展次降水入渗补给机理研究,建立次降水入渗补给量估算方法,有望提高干旱半干旱地区入渗补给量评估的科学性和准确性。本文以华北山前平原地下水深埋区为例,利用中国科学院栾城农业生态系统试验站和河北冉庄水资源实验站实测的土壤含水量、土壤水势、地下水补给量和降水量等长序列资料校准Hydrus-1D模型,模拟日降水入渗补给过程,构建具有物理意义的次降水入渗补给事件划分标准,深入研究华北山前平原地下水深埋条件下次降水入渗补给机理,定量估算次降水入渗补给量,建立次降水入渗补给量和次降水量间的定量关系。研究结果表明:次降水入渗补给量具有较大的变异性,次降水入渗补给量与次降水量或次总有效水量(次降水量+前期200 cm土壤储水量)呈显著相关关系(P<0.01),决定系数(R^(2))达0.801~0.962;但次降水入渗补给系数与次降水量无显著相关关系,这是由于次降水入渗补给系数不能反映降水前期土壤水分条件对补给的影响。因此,在地下水深埋区,不建议利用次降水入渗补给系数来估算次降水入渗补给量。本研究结果对区域地下水资源评价具有重要理论意义。The quantitative estimation of recharge by precipitation infiltration plays an important role in the evaluation of regional water resources.In arid and semi-arid areas,the annual amount of recharge by precipitation infiltration usually depends on the characteristics of several concentrated precipitation events.Therefore,research on the mechanism of sub-precipitation infiltration recharge(sub-recharge)and the establishment of an estimation method of the amount of sub-recharge can improve the scientific and accurate evaluation of annual infiltration recharge in arid and semi-arid areas.This study investigated the sub-recharge mechanism using the piedmont region of the North China Plain as an example.Large amounts of soil water content,soil matric potential,recharge flux to groundwater,and precipitation of the Luancheng Agro-Ecosystem Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences(LC Station),and Ranzhuang Water Resources Experiment Station,Hebei Province(RZ Station)were used.Firstly,the depth of potential recharge occurrence,that is,the zero-flux plane based on the change characteristics of the soil water potential gradient,was determined;and the patterns of precipitation infiltration recharge were analyzed.The depths of potential recharge were determined to be 2 m at the LC Station and 3 m at the RZ Station.The difference in the potential recharge occurrence depths between the two stations was mainly caused by the total water input and soil texture.Secondly,the Hydrus-1D model was calibrated and validated using the long-term soil water content,soil matric potential,and recharge flux to groundwater.Calibration results showed that the model simulated the afore-mentioned processes well.Daily recharge amounts in 1992-2016 were simulated using the well-calibrated and validated Hydrus-1D model.Sub-recharge classification criteria with physical significance based on the daily recharge amounts were established,that is,the criterion for two precipitation events was no precipitation for seven consecutive days.Sub-precipit

关 键 词：华北平原 灌溉农田 次降水入渗补给 HYDRUS-1D模型 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]