具有孔隙结构的金属基金刚石工具的研究进展  

Research progress of metal-based diamond tools with porous structures

作　　者：刘庭伟 闫志巧 吴益雄 陈欣宏 陈峰 单泉 龙莹[1] LIU Tingwei;YAN Zhiqiao;WU Yixiong;CHEN Xinhong;CHEN Feng;SHAN Quan;LONG Ying(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Instruments and Manufacturing Technology,School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application,Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangzhou Crystal Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510520,China;Shanghai Future High-tech Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201900,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院广东省微创手术器械设计与精密制造重点实验室,广州510006 [2]广东省科学院新材料研究所广东省金属强韧化技术与应用重点实验室,广州510650 [3]广州晶体科技有限公司,广州510520 [4]上海富驰高科技股份有限公司,上海201900

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2024年第1期139-168,共30页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFE0204400);广州市对外科技合作项目(201907010022);佛山市核心技术攻关项目(1920001000361)。

摘　　要：在金属基金刚石工具中引入孔隙结构,旨在增加容屑空间和冷却效果,从而提高工具性能。然而,孔隙率增加导致的工具力学性能急剧下降,限制了工具的服役性能。近年来科研人员开发了多种金刚石工具制备新方法,制备的工具孔隙结构从整体均匀化向局部有序化转变,同时工具的性能和成本等也呈现出较大差异。因此,本文首先介绍多孔金属基金刚石工具的孔隙结构特点及其对性能的影响,然后围绕制备多孔金属基金刚石工具的热压法、增材制造法和激光修整法,系统总结了各制备方法的原理和参数调控要点,重点梳理了工具的制备工艺参数-孔隙结构-力学性能-服役性能之间的对应关系,最后评述各制备方法的优缺点及适用范围,探讨多孔金属基金刚石工具可能的发展方向。Pores can increase the chip-holding space and cooling efficiency,so as to improve the service performances of metal-based diamond tools.However,the mechanical properties decrease sharply with the increase of porosity,which in turn restricts the service performance of the tools.In recent years,the preparation methods of porous metal-based diamond tools have become more and more diversified.Not only the pore structures in the tools have been developed from the traditional uniform pores to the ordered local pores,but also the performances and costs of tools are significant different.Therefore,this paper firstly introduced the pore characteristics of porous diamond tools and its influence on tool performance.Then,it systematically introduced the technical principles and key points of parameter control of various preparation methods focused on traditional hot pressing method,3D printing method and surface dressing method for preparing porous metal-based diamond tools.The relationship between preparation process parameters,pore microstructures,tool mechanical properties and tool service performances were summarized.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation method and its applicable scope were reviewed,and the possible development direction of porous metal-based diamond tools was discussed.

关 键 词：金刚石工具 孔隙 热压 增材制造 激光修整 

分 类 号：TQ163[化学工程—高温制品工业]