嘉陵江河岸湿地土壤中参与多环芳烃降解的关键微生物  

Key Microorganisms Involved in Aerobic Polycyclic in the Soil of the Jialing River Riparian Wetland

作　　者：颜辰瑶 杨蕊毓 叶春宏 吴一超 彭超 路璐 YAN Chen-yao;YANG Rui-yu;YE Chun-hong;WU Yi-chao;PENG Chao;LU Lu(College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2024年第1期189-200,共12页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107278);四川省科技厅应用基础研究和重大研发项目(2020YJ034,2022YFN0065);西华师范大学科研创新团队基金(CXTD2020-2)。

摘　　要：为了探究河岸湿地土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)在好氧和厌氧环境下的微生物降解过程,采用微宇宙培养结合高通量测序及化学分析方法,揭示了嘉陵江河岸湿地土壤对萘、荧蒽和芘3种PAHs的好氧和厌氧降解速率及其关键降解微生物类群,以及厌氧条件下添加不同电子受体对PAHs微生物降解过程的影响。结果表明,在培养35 d后,有氧条件下,萘、荧蒽和芘的去除率分别为70.6%、61.5%和41.41%;在厌氧条件下,萘、荧蒽和芘的去除率分别为76.01%、72.59%和42.57%。添加NO3-显著促进了荧蒽和芘的厌氧降解效率,而添加SO42-显著抑制了3种PAHs的厌氧降解效率;水铁矿Fe(Ⅲ)仅显著促进了芘的降解效率,针铁矿Fe(Ⅲ)仅促进了荧蒽的降解效率。添加PAHs均显著促进了phnAc和bssA等功能基因的丰度。测序结果表明,好氧环境下的PAHs主导降解菌群为MND1、Arenimonas、Mycobacterium和Burkholderiales,而厌氧环境下则为Geobacteraceae、Hydrogenophaga和Bacteroidetes_vadinHA17。添加不同的电子受体改变了潜在的PAHs降解菌群,如添加NO3-显著促进了Lysobacter、Arenimonas等菌的增加。该研究表明河岸湿地土壤中PAHs降解过程由不同的好氧和厌氧降解菌群共同驱动,NO3-和Fe(Ⅲ)依赖型厌氧PAHs降解微生物可能对河岸湿地土壤中的PAHs移除有重要贡献。To investigate the aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in riparian wetland soil,a microcosm incubation-based experiment combined with chemical analysis and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis was employed.The aerobic and anaerobic degradation rates of naphthalene,fluoranthene and pyrene and their key degradation microorganisms in a wetland soil sample of the JialingRiver,as well as the effects of different electron receptors on the microbial degradation of PAHs under anaerobic conditions,were explored.The results showed that the dissipation rates of naphthalene,fluoranthene and pyrene were 70.6%,61.5%and 41.41%under aerobic conditions after incubation for 35 days,respectively.Under anaerobic condition,the dissipation rates of naphthalene,fluoranthene and pyrene were 76.01%,72.59%and 42.57%.The addition of NO3-significantly promoted the anaerobic degradation efficiency of all the three PAHs,whereas the addition of SO42-inhibited the PAHs degradation.The addition of ferrihydrite(Fe(Ⅲ))stimulated the degradation of pyrene,whereas the addition of goethite(Fe(Ⅲ))stimulated the degradation of fluoranthene.The results of quantitative analysis of functional genes showed that the abundance of phnAc and bssA significantly increased under aerobic andanerobic conditions after the addition of PAHs.The sequencing results showed that the main aerobic PAHs-degrading bacteria were MND1,Arenimonas,Mycobacterium and Burkholderiales,whereasthe dominant PAHs-degrading bacteria shifted to Geobacteraceae,Hydrogenophaga and Bacteroidetes_vadinHA17 under anaerobic condition.The potential PAHs-degrading bacteria communities were influenced by the addition of different electron acceptors.Lysobacter and Arenimonas were significantly stimulated by the addition of NO3-.These results showed that the microbial PAHs degradation in the riparian wetland soil was jointly driven by different aerobic and anaerobic PAHs-degrading bacteria.The nitrate or Fe(III)-dependent anaerobic microbial PAHs d

关 键 词：多环芳烃 微生物降解 电子受体 多环芳烃厌氧降解 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]