基于文献及计量学方法研究脾阴学说古今发展及参苓白术散滋补脾阴作用阐释  

Development of Spleen Yin Theory and Interpretation of Shenling Baizhu Powder(参苓白术散)in Nourishing Spleen Yin Based on Literature and Bibliometrics

作　　者：臧凝子[1,2] 王世文 李品[2] 王清华[2] 战丽彬[1] ZANG Ningzi;WANG Shiwen;LI Pin;WANG Qinghua;ZHAN Libin(Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China;The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM,Shenyang 110032,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,辽宁沈阳110847 [2]辽宁中医药大学附属医院,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2024年第3期210-214,I0035,共6页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82274377);国家中医药管理局中医药领军人才岐黄学者支持项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕6号);中医藏象理论及应用教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(zyzx2210);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82004294);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022MD723797);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”高水平创新团队项目(XLYC1808011)。

摘　　要：脾乃后天之本、气血生化之源,脾之阳气为脾脏功能的发挥提供了“动力”,而脾阴则提供了“物质基础”。脾阴学说成说较晚、论说较少,基于文献研究系统梳理了脾阴理论内涵及历史发展源流,认为“辅运化”“主滋养”和“和胃阳”是脾阴主要的生理功能;脾阴理论的发展主要经历了《黄帝内经》构建脏腑阴阳理论体系、《伤寒论》初识脾阴方证、“丹溪学派”首开滋阴法先河、缪希雍系统建立脾阴理论体系、吴澄引申“芳香甘平”治法5个历史时期。此外,通过文献计量学Citespace分析脾阴学说现代整体发展应用情况,对比古今常用11个滋补脾阴类中药复方发现:现代研究中对脾阴学说的认识主要传承自唐容川、叶天士、吴澄、李东垣、缪希雍、张锡纯几位医家;其理论主要应用在消渴(糖尿病)、泄泻、便秘、肉痿等疾病治疗中;用药偏以甘淡,兼顾养胃阴为特色;局方参苓白术散成方早,充分体现了“甘淡”补脾之滋补脾阴用药的基本法则,具有健脾气、滋脾阴、渗脾湿之功效,全方升降相因、散收并用、补行兼施,尤宜于脾气阴虚夹湿的患者,乃滋补脾阴理论应用的基础方。Spleen is the foundation of acquired life and the source of Qi and blood biochemistry.Yang Qi of spleen provides the“power”for the function of spleen,while spleen Yin provides the“material basis”.The theory of spleen Yin is a relatively late theory with few arguments.Based on literature research,the author systematically combs the connotation of spleen Yin theory and its historical development source,and believes that“auxiliary transportation”,“main nourishing”and“harmonizing stomach Yang”are the main physiological functions of spleen Yin.The development of spleen Yin theory mainly experienced five historical periods:the establishment of the theory system of Yin and Yang of Zang-Fu organs in Huangdi Neijing,the first identification of spleen Yin prescription in Treatise on Cold Disease,the first development of Yin nourishing method by Danxi School,the establishment of spleen Yin theory system by MIAO Xiyong,and the extension of fragrant and sweet-flat treatment by WU Cheng.In addition,the overall development and application of the spleen Yin theory in modern times were analyzed by the bibliometrics Citespace,and 11 traditional Chinese herbal compounds used in ancient and modern times to nourish spleen Yin were compared.It was found that the understanding of the spleen Yin theory in modern studies was mainly inherited from TANG Rongchuan,YE Tianshi,WU Cheng,LI Dongyuan,MIAO Xiyong and ZHANG Xicun.Its theory is mainly used in the treatment of such diseases as Xiaoke(diabetes),diarrhea,constipation and impotence.The medication is characterized by a combination of sweet and light drugs,while also nourishing stomach Yin.The local prescription Shenling Baizhu Powder(参苓白术散)was formed early,which fully reflects the basic law of“sweet and light”drugs can supplementing spleen and nourish spleen Yin.It has the effect of invigorating spleen Qi,nourishing spleen Yin and oozing spleen dampness.The basic formula for the application of the theory of nour-ishing spleen Yin is the combination of a

关 键 词：脾阴 参苓白术散 文献研究 文献计量学 滋补脾阴 

分 类 号：R289[医药卫生—方剂学]