大屯地区绝经女性骨质疏松症情况及其影响因素研究  

Study on the Results and Influencing Factors of Menopausal Women with Osteoporosis in Datun Area

作　　者：王雷[1] 程雯[1] 吴燕焱[1] 姜爱凤[1] 边连朵[1] 李桂水[1] 王冬冬 魏晓明[1] WANG Lei;CHENG Wen;WU Yan-yan;JIANG Ai-feng;BIAN Lian-duo;LI Gui-shui;WANG Dong-dong;WEI Xiao-ming(The Second Outpatient Department,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院第二门诊部,北京100029

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第5期68-71,共4页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：首都医科大学全科专项课题(编号:2022QK16)。

摘　　要：目的 分析大屯地区绝经女性骨质疏松症筛查结果及影响因素。方法 以2022年4月-7月在大屯社区进行骨质疏松筛查的475名45~80岁绝经女性为研究对象,收集年龄、身高、体重、症状(腰背部疼痛、抽筋、身高下降)、骨折及其他疾病史等信息。采用跟骨超声骨密度仪检测骨密度,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量进行多元逐步回归分析,分析各因素对骨量变化的影响。结果 475名绝经女性平均年龄(62.65±8.24)岁,平均BMI为(23.93±3.16)kg/m^(2),平均绝经年龄(49.80±3.66)岁。22.32%的被调查者发生过骨折,48.00%的被调查者身高降低,68.00%的被调查者腰背疼痛,61.05%的被调查者出现抽筋现象。经跟骨超声检测,50.74%的被调查者骨量减少,14.53%的被调查者存在骨质疏松症。不同年龄、BMI、身高是否降低的调查对象骨密度T值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同绝经年龄、骨折史、骨质疏松史、腰背疼痛、抽筋的调查对象骨密度T值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,年龄、BMI和身高降低为骨质疏松的影响因素。结论 目前大屯社区45岁以上绝经女性骨量减少率和骨质疏松率水平较高,尤其是随着年龄增大、BMI降低的人群骨质疏松的发生几率会增高。应针对相应年龄段妇女提高骨质疏松的知晓率、治疗率,需要加强相关健康教育,可通过张贴宣传画、发放宣传手册和加强筛查期间的个性化教育,改变绝经期女性对骨质疏松预防和治疗的认知水平,建立绝经期女性骨质疏松的自我监测能力,纠正骨质疏松的治疗知识误区,规范进行治疗,从补钙、运动及饮食三方面预防骨质疏松。Objective To analyze the results and influencing factors of menopausal women with osteoporosis in Datun area.Methods A total of 475 menopausal women aged 45-80 years who participated in osteoporosis screening in Datun community from April to July 2022 were selected as subjects.Information on age,height,weight,symptoms(low back pain,cramps,height loss),fracture and history of other diseases were collected.Bone mineral density was measured by calcaneal ultrasound bone densitometer.Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed on variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis to analyze the influence of each factor on the change of bone mass.Results The mean age of 475 postmenopausal women was(62.65±8.24)years old,the mean BMI was(23.93±3.16)kg/m^(2),and the mean menopause age was(49.80±3.66)years old.22.32%of the respondents had fractures;48.00%of respondents had height loss,68.00%of the respondents had lower back pain,and 61.05%of the respondents had cramps.By ultrasound examination of calcaneus,50.74%of the respondents had bone mass decreased and 14.53%of the respondents had osteoporosis.There were significant differences in bone mineral density T values among subjects with different age,BMI and height(P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age,BMI and height were the influencing factors of osteoporosis.Conclusion At present,the bone loss rate and osteoporosis rate of menopausal women over 45 years old in Datun area are high,especially with the increase of age and the decrease of BMI,the incidence of osteoporosis will increase.It is necessary to improve the awareness rate and treatment rate of osteoporosis for women of the corresponding age group.It is necessary to strengthen relevant health education.By posting posters,issuing brochures and strengthening individualized education during screening,we can change the cognitive level of menopausal women on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,establish the self-monitoring ability of menopausal women

关 键 词：大屯地区 绝经女性 骨质疏松 骨密度 

分 类 号：R580[医药卫生—内分泌]