选择性激光熔化技术制备的Cu-10Sn合金的载流摩擦学性能  

Current Carrying Tribological Properties of Cu-10Sn Alloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting

作　　者：方长洋 季德惠 熊光耀 肖叶龙 赵火平 沈明学 FANG Changyang;JI Dehui;XIONG Guangyao;XIAO Yelong;ZHAO Huoping;SHEN Mingxue(School of Material Science and Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China;Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment,Ministry of Education,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学材料科学与工程学院,江西南昌330013 [2]华东交通大学载运工具与装备教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第2期50-58,共9页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：江西省杰出青年科学基金项目(20212ACB214003);研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2022-B177);江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010404003,S202210404005)。

摘　　要：为提高Cu-10Sn合金接触线的力学及载流摩擦学性能,利用选择性激光熔化(SLM)技术制备Cu-10Sn合金,分析Cu-10Sn合金的组织结构及硬度等,研究不同载荷和电流对Cu-10Sn合金的载流摩擦学行为的影响;利用扫描电子显微镜对摩擦表面进行微观分析,揭示其磨损机制。试验结果表明:与载荷为10 N时相比,30 N时摩擦副的平均摩擦因数增大,接触电阻和电弧能量降低,磨损加剧;Cu-10Sn合金与GCr15球对摩,合金表面被氧化,铜元素被转移并粘附于对摩球上形成黏着磨损;与纯机械摩擦行为相比,载流条件下Cu-10Sn合金表面磨痕加深,黏着物、氧化物的数量明显增加,摩擦因数和磨损体积发生显著变化;小载荷小电流下磨痕表面出现电弧烧蚀现象;而电流为10 A时,磨损表面形成的氧化膜的润滑作用,减缓了材料的磨损。在无电流条件下磨损机制主要为疲劳磨损和黏着磨损;而在载流条件下,电化学氧化和黏着磨损显著增强。研究结论为SLM技术制备的铜锡合金应用于接触线等电传导接触材料提供参考。To improve the mechanical and current carrying tribological properties of Cu-10Sn alloy,the Cu-10Sn alloy was prepared by selective laser melting(SLM).The microstructure and hardness of Cu-10Sn alloy were analyzed,and the effects of dfferent loads and currents on the current carrying tribological behavior of Cu-10Sn alloy were studied.The mechanism of tribo-electric performance was analyzed by scanning electron microscope.The results show that compared with the load of 10 N,the average friction coefficient of the friction pair increases,the contact resistance and arc energy decrease and the wear are deepened at 30 N.The surface of Cu-10Sn alloy rubbed with GCr15 ball is oxidized,and the copper element of which is transferred and adhered to the ball forming adhesive wear.Compared with pure mechanical friction behavior,the wear marks are deepened,the amount of adhesive and oxide increases obviously on the surface of Cu-10Sn alloy,and the friction coefficient and wear volume change significantly with current.The arc ablation occurs on the surface of the wear marks under low load and small current.When the current is 10 A,the lubrication of the oxide film formed on the wear surface slows down the wear of the material.The wear mechanisms are mainly fatigue wear and adhesion wear without current,and the electrochemical oxidation and adhesive wear are significantly enhanced with current.This research can provide reference for the preparation of Cu-Sn alloy by SLM technology and its application in contact lines and other electrically conductive contact materials.

关 键 词：选择性激光熔化技术 3D打印 铜锡合金 载流磨损 损伤机制 摩擦学 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]