工艺参数对电弧增材制造工件的影响  

INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON ARC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING WORKPIECES

作　　者：王鑫[1] 赵津嫚 王倩[1] 武佳璇 周子烨 Wang Xin;zhao Jinman;Wang Qian;Wu Jiaxuan;Zhou Ziye(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《河北冶金》2024年第2期32-38,共7页Hebei Metallurgy

基　　金：2022年河北省科技创新项目(SJMYF2022Y10);烟台市科技计划项目(2022ZDCX002);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目青年基金(QN2020175)。

摘　　要：电弧增材制造具有高沉积速率、高质量、无尺寸限制的特点,能够满足具有高机械性能要求的中大型部件的制作需求。电弧增材制造AlMg合金过程中制备工艺参数对工件的宏观形貌、微观组织及力学性能均会产生重要影响。本文通过研究焊丝盘松紧度、焊接速度、焊接电流和层间等待时间对电弧增材制造AlMg合金成形的影响,确定了最佳制备工艺参数。研究表明,焊丝盘松紧度为2时,增材设备送丝顺畅,焊道成形效果好;焊道成形与热输入有关,焊接速度越小,增材过程产生的热输入值越大,当焊接速度为36 cm/min时,单道焊缝的成形缺陷最少,成形效果良好;焊接电流越大,增材过程产生的热输入值就越大,当焊接电流为65 A时,焊道形貌均匀;层间等待时间增加到150 s时,合金晶粒为均匀细小的等轴晶,平均晶粒尺寸降至52.9μm。Arc additive manufacturing has the characteristics of high deposition rate,high quality and no size limitation,which can meet the production requirements of medium and large parts with high mechanical properties.In the process of arc additive manufacturing of AlMg alloy,the preparation parameters have an important effect on the macroscopic morphology,microstructure and mechanical properties of the workpiece.In this paper,the effects of welding parameters such as coil tightness,welding speed,welding current and interlayer waiting time on the forming of AlMg alloy by arc additive manufacturing were studied.The research shows that when the tightness of the wire pan is 2,the wire feeding of the additive equipment is smooth and the weld bead forming effect is good.The smaller the welding speed,the larger the heat input value generated by the additive process.When the welding speed is 36 cm/min,the forming defects of single-pass weld are least and the forming effect is good.The larger the welding current is,the larger the heat input value generated by the additive process is.When the welding current is 65 A,the weld pass morphology is uniform.When the interlayer waiting time is increased to 150 s,the grain size of the alloy is uniform and fine,and the average grain size decreases to 52.9μm.

关 键 词：电弧增材制造 焊接速度 焊接电流 成形形貌 层间等待时间 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]