破碎矿体中深孔爆破一次成井技术  

ONE-TIME WELL FORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF DEEP HOLE BLASTING IN CRUSHED ORE BODY

作　　者：何伟 杨金光 尹爱民 耿帅 杨航 He Wei;Yang Jinguang;Yin Aimin;Geng Shuai;Yang Hang(Shahe Zhongguan Iron Mine,HBIS Group Mining Company,Xingtai 054100,Hebei;Hebei Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Low-Carbon,Intelligent and Efficient Mining of Complex Iron Ore,Xingtai 054100,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河钢集团矿业公司沙河中关铁矿,河北邢台054100 [2]河北省复杂铁矿低碳智能高效开采技术创新中心,河北邢台054100

出　　处：《河北冶金》2024年第2期39-43,共5页Hebei Metallurgy

摘　　要：中关铁矿采场切割井施工原采用人工掘进等传统方法,但该法存在安全系数较低、作业场所环境差、劳动强度大且效率低等诸多弊端。随着采矿工艺技术的发展和提高,爆破一次成井法因安全性高、成井速度快、效率较高且经济实用逐渐被广泛应用。为提高中关铁矿切割井施工效率并降低掘进成本,根据中关铁矿实际情况,制定了中深孔爆破一次成井方案。通过研究中深孔掏槽爆破机理,确保爆破过程中有足够的补偿空间;装药孔和空孔呈交叉“正方形”布置,共23个,其中,13个装药孔,10个空孔,对不同类型的孔设置孔径和延期时间,并通过补偿系数的计算验证布孔方式的合理性;同时根据巷道爆破危害管理规定,确定了最佳爆破药量,最终实现了切割井爆破一次成井。现场实际应用表明,中深孔爆破一次成井技术在中关铁矿具有很好的适用性,提高了切割井成井速度和质量,减少了施工安全隐患,保证了矿山安全生产,同时为类似的切割井爆破工程提供了借鉴。Traditional methods such as manual excavation were originally used in the construction of stope cutting shafts in Zhongguan iron mine,but this method has many drawbacks such as low safety factor,poor working place environment,high labor intensity and low efficiency.With the development and improvement of mining technology,the blasting method has been widely used because of its high safety,fast well formation speed,high efficiency and economic practicability.In order to improve the construction efficiency of the cutting shaft of Zhongguan Iron Mine and reduce the cost of tunneling,according to the actual situation of Zhongguan Iron Mine,a one-time well completion plan for medium and deep hole blasting was formulated.By studying the deep hole grooving and blasting mechanism,to ensure that there is enough compensation space in the blasting process;the charge hole and the empty hole are arranged in a cross"square",a total of 23,of which,13 charge holes and 10 empty holes,the hole diameter and delay time are set for different types of holes,and the rationality of the hole layout mode is verified by the calculation of the compensation coefficient;at the same time,according to the roadway blasting hazard management regulations,the optimal blasting charge is determined,and finally the cutting well is blasted into a well.The practical application in the field shows that the one-time well formation technology of medium and deep hole blasting has good applicability in Zhongguan Iron Mine,which improves the speed and quality of cutting shafts,reduces potential construction safety hazards,ensures the safety of mine production,and provides a reference for similar cutting shaft blasting projects.

关 键 词：切割井 中深孔 一次爆破 炮孔布置 爆破药量 

分 类 号：TD235.33[矿业工程—矿井建设]