基层治理中的“预防出事逻辑”——基于一项安全专项整治行动的考察  

“Accident Prevention Logic”in Grassroots Governance:Based on an Examination of a Safety Improvement Campaign

作　　者：陈柏峰[1] 石建 Chen Baifeng;Shi Jian

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院、国家治理学院,430073 [2]中南财经政法大学法学院,430073

出　　处：《世界社会科学》2023年第6期177-202,245,246,共28页SOCIAL SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL

基　　金：贵州省法学会重大课题“党建引领新时代贵州基层社会治理效能提升研究”(GZFXZD001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“财税竞争”“政治锦标赛”“政权经营”等积极行为,以及“为官不为”“不出事逻辑”、避责等消极行为,表现出了基层政府的双重角色特征和行为策略。基层政府的积极角色,往往彰显“邀功”的面向;而消极角色则凸显的是“避责”面向。与此不同,消防安全专项整治中呈现出一种“预防出事逻辑”,其兼具积极治理的外观形式与消极避责的实质逻辑。潜在风险向现实危害转化之前、积极治理、避责分别凸显了“预防出事逻辑”的时间要素、行为要素与目标要素。具体而言,最全事项、最高标准、最严要求、最快速度的积极治理与形式化治理、过度加码、瞒报的避责策略这一看似相悖的现象,构成“预防出事逻辑”的双重面向。压力型体制、属地责任、目标管理责任制的宏观制度环境,安全专项整治工作的中心工作化,与风险型事务无法避免、无法杜绝的特性,共同形塑了基层治理中的“预防出事逻辑”。从一般意义上看,“预防出事逻辑”不仅仅是消防安全等风险型事务的治理逻辑,亦可以延展解释基层治理行为的新形态:不是积极邀功、消极避责,而是积极治理与避责并存的积极避责。The positive behaviors such as tax competition,political tournament and negative behaviors such as“no accident logic”and avoidance of responsibility present the dual roles and behavioral strategy of the grass⁃roots government.The positive role of the grass⁃roots government is often characterized by the behavior of“taking credit”,while the negative role is characterized by“avoiding responsibility”.In contrast,the fire safety improvement campaign presents a“accident prevention logic”,which combines the positive governance and the logic of passive avoidance of liability.Before potential risks are transformed into real hazards,active management and liability avoidance highlight the time,behavioural and goal elements of the“accident prevention logic”respectively.Specifically,positive governance aiming at the highest standards,the strictest requirements and the fastest speed seems to be contradictory to the avoidance strategies such as excessive control and under⁃reporting.And this phenomenon constitutes the dual aspects of the“accident prevention logic”.The macro⁃institutional environment of pressure⁃based systems,local responsibility and target management accountability,the centralization of safety improvement campaign and the unavoidable nature of risk⁃based matters together shape the“accident prevention logic”in grassroots governance.In a general sense,the“accident prevention logic”is not only the logic of governance for risk⁃based matters such as fire safety,but can also be extended to explain the new form of grassroots governance behavior:different from actively claiming credit and passively avoiding responsibility,“accident prevention logic”is a positive mechanism in which responsibility avoidance co⁃exists with active governance.

关 键 词：预防出事逻辑 不出事逻辑 专项整治 积极避责 基层治理 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]