浙江绿葱湖省级湿地公园小麂活动节律和集群行为研究  

Activity rhythm and clustering behavior of Reeve's muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi)in Lüconghu Provincial Wetland Park of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：张文旭 林晓越 毛岭峰 伊理孝 李垚[1] 应建平 唐超和 ZHANG Wenxu;LIN Xiaoyue;MAO Lingfeng;YI Lixiao;LI Yao;YING Jianping;TANG Chaohe(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Longyou County Xikou Forest Farm of Zhejiang Province,Longyou 324403,China;Longyou County Forestry Technology Promotion Station of Zhejiang Province,Longyou 324400,China;Longyou County Forestry and Water Conservancy Bureau of Zhejiang Province,Longyou 324400,China;School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生态与环境学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]浙江省龙游县溪口林场,浙江龙游324403 [3]浙江省龙游县林业技术推广站,浙江龙游324400 [4]浙江省龙游县林业水利局,浙江龙游324400 [5]浙江海洋大学经济与管理学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期81-87,共7页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB31000000)。

摘　　要：【目的】对浙江绿葱湖湿地公园内人为活动干扰下小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)种群的活动节律和集群模式进行研究,为有蹄类动物的科学保护与管理提供依据。【方法】利用红外相机于2021年2月—2022年1月对该地区小麂种群开展连续监测,基于1896张独立有效照片分析其日活动节律和集群模式。【结果】小麂的日活动节律存在季节性差异。其中,冬季与春季的日活动节律曲线重叠度(Δ)最低(Δ=0.79,P<0.01),小麂在冬季傍晚的活动强度高并且峰值也明显提前。不同海拔梯度的小麂日活动节律也存在差异。其中,海拔[700,900)m与[1100,1300)m的日活动节律曲线重叠度最低(Δ=0.76,P<0.01),海拔[700,900)m的小麂只有傍晚1个活动高峰。本次监测共发现7种集群模式,其中最高的为单只独居,占比达92.95%;其次是母仔群,占比3.47%;再次是1雌1雄群,占比2.37%;其余4种(双雌、双雄、1雄1幼、2雌1幼)少见的集群模式共占比1.21%。【结论】在浙江绿葱湖省级湿地公园内,小麂是以晨昏活动为主的昼行性动物,主要营独居生活。其日活动节律在不同季节、不同海拔梯度表现出明显的差异,可能主要受温度、食物资源、植被类型和人为干扰等因素影响。【Objective】We aim to reveal the activity rhythms and clustering patterns of the Reeves muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi)population under anthropogenic disturbance in Lüconghu Provincial Wetland Park of Zhejiang Province,to provide a basis for the scientific conservation and management of ungulates.【Method】We used infrared camera trapping to monitor the population of M.reevesi from February 2021 to January 2022.The daily activity rhythm and group patterns were analyzed based on the data from 1896 independent valid photos.【Result】The daily activity rhythms of M.reevesi varied across seasons.The minimum area of the overlap of daily activity rhythm curves(DARCs)was observed between winter and spring(Δ=0.79,P<0.01),with higher intensity and significantly earlier activity peaks detected in the dusk of winter.The daily activity rhythms of M.reevesi also differed along altitudinal gradients.The minimum area of the overlap of DARCs was found between 700-900 m and 1100-1300 m(Δ=0.76,P<0.01),with only one peak of activity detected in the dusk at 700-900 m.Seven group patterns were identified.The solitary individual pattern had the highest proportion(92.95%),followed by the adult female with fawn group(3.47%)and one female and one male group(2.37%).The remaining four group patterns(two female,two male,one male with fawn,two female with fawn)only accounted for 1.21%of the valid detections in this study.【Conclusion】The M.reevesi in Lüconghu Provincial Wetland Park of Zhejiang Province,is a diurnal animal mainly active in the morning and dusk and is mainly solitary.Its daily activity rhythm showed significant differences in different seasons and altitude gradients,which may be mainly influenced by factors such as temperature,food resources,vegetation type,and human disturbance.

关 键 词：小麂 有蹄类 日活动节律 集群模式 红外相机 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学] S718[农业科学—林学]