采用SMA丝的空间旋转驱动器的设计与试验  

Study onb the Design and Experiment of Spatial Rotary Actuators Using SMA Wire

作　　者：武子裕 Wu Ziyu(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中阿科技论坛（中英文）》2024年第3期104-110,共7页China-Arab States Science and Technology Forum

摘　　要：旋转驱动器在航天器上应用广泛。由于简单的驱动需求不需要结构过于复杂的驱动器,因此结构简单、性能可靠的旋转驱动器成为研究的热点。形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,SMA)驱动器结构简单紧凑、能量密度大、可靠性高、噪声低,拥有传统电机驱动器和液压驱动器所不具备的优势,是一种非常适合用于空间环境的驱动器。文章对一种非缠绕式轴向布置SMA丝的驱动器设计方案进行了设计与试验,分析了驱动器内部SMA丝的变形与受力情况,探讨了提升驱动器输出扭矩与行程的方法,并通过试验进行了验证;基于此设计了一种可以充当主动铰链的旋转驱动器,并通过试验验证了其驱动能力。Rotary actuators are extensively used in spacecraft.Due to the fact that simple driving demand does not require overly complex drivers,rotary actuators with simple structures and reliable performance have become a research hot-spot.Shape Memory Alloy(SMA)actuators exhibit various merits compared with traditional and hydraulic actuators such as simple and compact structures,high energy density,excellent reliability and minor noise,making their prospects very promising in space environments.To this end,the article designs a non-winding axial arrangement SMA actuator,analyzes the deformation and force of the internal SMA wire of the driver,explores the methods to enhance the output torque and stroke of the actuator,and verifies the results through experiments;Finally,based on this,a rotary actuator that can act as an active hinge was designed,which driving performance was verified through experiments.

关 键 词：可展开机构 主动铰链 旋转驱动器 形状记忆合金 

分 类 号：V1[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]