长江口上海近岸海域敌草隆空间分布特征及生态风险评估  

Spatial distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of diuron in Shanghai coastal area of the Yangtze River Estuary

作　　者：罗大松 杨红 王春峰[1,2] 焦俊鹏 LUO Dasong;YANG Hong;WANG Chunfeng;JIAO Junpeng(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Marine Environment Monitoring&Assessment Centre,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋环境监测与评价中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第1期150-160,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市长江口水域重金属监测项目(D-8006-20-0029);上海市滨海典型海域生态环境质量提升技术研究项目(沪海科2015-02)。

摘　　要：为研究长江口上海近岸海域敌草隆(Diuron)的来源、空间分布特征及生态风险,于2021年10—11月间采集上海长江口沿岸海域、横沙岛(内陆)水域、长江口中华鲟保护区附近海域24个站位水样并通过固相萃取结合高效液相色谱串联质谱法对各站位表层水样中的敌草隆分析测定。结果表明,3个不同区域24个站位水样均有敌草隆检出。其中,上海长江口沿岸10个站位敌草隆质量浓度检测范围为182.43~439.38 ng/L,检出率为100%;横沙岛(内陆)水域9个站位敌草隆质量浓度检测范围为83.48~369.25 ng/L,检出率100%;中华鲟保护区附近海域5个站位敌草隆质量浓度检测范围为1.97~2.85 ng/L,检出率100%。敌草隆的空间分布主要与船舶防污涂料在船舶停靠港口及航运中释放、农业活动、海洋水动力学扩散作用等相关。生态风险评估结果显示,上海长江口沿岸海域具有潜在中风险;横沙岛(内陆)水域农田耕作区具有潜在中风险;中华鲟保护区附近海域具有潜在低风险。研究结果表明,长江口上海近岸海域环境正遭受敌草隆的威胁,尤其是在上海长江口沿岸主要的港口和码头以及横沙岛海域农耕区和河流交汇处。虽然暂时未威胁到中华鲟保护区等生态敏感区域,依旧需要对敌草隆在长江河口及近海海域的环境影响引起重视。This research aims to study the source,spatial distribution characteristics and ecological risks of diuron in the coastal waters of the Yangtze River Estuary and Shanghai,water samples from 24 stations in the coastal waters of the Yangtze River Estuary,Hengsha Island(inland)waters and the waters near the Yangtze River Estuary Chinese sturgeon reserve were collected from October to November 2021,and the content of diuron in the surface water samples of each station was analyzed by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.According to the test results,the mass concentration of diuron was detected in the water samples of 24 stations in three different regions.Among them,the detection range of diuron mass concentration at 10 stations along the Yangtze River Estuary in Shanghai was 182.43-439.38 ng/L,and the detection rate was 100%.The detection range of diuron mass concentration at 9 stations in Hengsha Island(inland)water area is 83.48-369.25 ng/L,and the detection rate is 100%.The detection range of diuron mass concentration at 5 stations near the Chinese sturgeon reserve is 1.97-2.85 ng/L,and the detection rate is 100%.The spatial distribution of diuron is mainly affected by factors like water transport,ship maintenance,agricultural activities,tides and seawater dynamics.Besides,the ecological risk assessment shows that the coastal waters along the Yangtze River Estuary in Shanghai are potentially at medium risk.Farming areas in Hengsha inland waters are at medium risk,and the nearby waters of the Nature Reserve are at low risk.The results show that the environment in the coastal waters of the Yangtze River Estuary in Shanghai is being threatened by the diuron,especially in the major ports and docks along the Yangtze River Estuary in Shanghai as well as the agricultural areas and river intersections in the Hengsha Island area.Although it will not threaten the Chinese sturgeon reserve in the short run,it still deserves attention.

关 键 词：敌草隆 长江口近岸海域 水体 风险评价 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]