超声冲击对增材制造组织改善及强化机理影响的研究进展  

Progress in the Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on Microstructure Improvement and Strengthening Mechanism in Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：孙徕博 黄陆军[2] 黄瑞生[1] 徐锴[1] 武鹏博 龙伟民 姜风春 方乃文[1] SUN Laibo;HUANG Lujun;HUANG Ruisheng();XU Kai;WU Pengbo;LONG Weimin;JIANG Fengchun;FANG Naiwen(Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,China Academy of Machinery Science and Tecchnology Group,Harbin 150028,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;State Key Laboratory of New Brazing Materials and Technology,Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150028 [2]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [3]郑州机械研究所有限公司新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室,郑州450001 [4]哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院,烟台264000

出　　处：《金属学报》2024年第3期273-286,共14页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目No.2021YFB3401100;黑龙江省头雁行动计划-能源装备先进焊接技术创新团队项目No.201916120;新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室开放课题项目No.SKLABFMT202005;中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司高端人才项目No.202210109。

摘　　要：增材制造作为一种快速发展的先进技术已在制造业领域得到广泛应用,但在金属制件增材制造过程中存在的晶粒粗大、组织方向性明显等问题制约了该技术的发展。超声冲击处理作为一种强化手段,因其能够有效改善增材制造金属制件应力状态、细化组织并提高其综合性能等特点而得到认可。本文从超声冲击在金属增材制造过程中对组织的作用机制和强化机理出发,总结了基于表面塑性变形实现增材制造强化的理论观点及局限性,阐述了超声冲击和增材制造复合作用下的组织细化机理和柱状晶向等轴晶转变机制,最后提出了超声冲击辅助金属增材制造强化理论建立过程中仍需进行深入研究的问题及建议。Additive manufacturing(AM)is a rapidly developing technology that has found widespread use in the manufacturing industry.However,the application with high performance and stability requirements is constrained by its coarse microstructure,which exhibits obvious directionality during the deposition of metal parts.Ultrasonic impact treatment(UIT)has been recognized as an effective strengthening method that can improve the stress state,refine the microstructure,and enhance the overall performance of metal parts fabricated via AM.This paper summarizes the theoretical views and limitations of UIT strengthening regarding surface plastic deformation.Additionally,it elaborates on the mechanism of microstructure refinement and the transformation of columnar dendrites to equiaxed dendrites,influenced by the combined effect of UIT and AM.Finally,the paper outlines the problems and suggestions related to strengthening theory that require further investigation in the process of UIT-assisted AM.

关 键 词：超声冲击处理 增材制造 强化机制 组织转变机理 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]