轻质高强高阻尼HfO_(2)@CNT/聚合物/CuAlMn复合材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Lightweight HfO_(2)@CNT/Polymer/CuAlMn Composite with High Strength and High Damping

作　　者：蒋招汉 邱文婷[1] 龚深[1,2] 李周 JIANG Zhaohan;QIU Wenting;GONG Shen;LI Zhou(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《金属学报》2024年第3期287-298,共12页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目No.2021YFB3501003;国家自然科学基金项目No.52271125;装备预研领域基金项目No.61402100105。

摘　　要：由于阻尼合金和聚合物分别在减振效果和力学性能方面存在不足,为了实现宽频域和温域内的功能结构一体化,本工作采用烧结蒸发法和真空渗入工艺成功制备了一种新型阻尼复合材料。该复合材料以多孔CuAlMn形状记忆合金为骨架,孔隙中填充了负载HfO_(2)颗粒的碳纳米管与黏弹性聚合物组成的复合体。对样品进行了动态力学分析和室温单轴压缩实验,结果表明,当骨架孔隙率为80%、碳纳米管质量分数为1%时,该复合材料的压缩屈服强度和弹性模量分别为27 MPa和1040 MPa,密度仅为2.11 g/cm^(3),损耗因子在0.1~200 Hz和20~100℃范围内都在0.055以上,最大值可达0.102。相比于同等孔隙率的CuAlMn骨架,复合材料的弹性模量、压缩屈服强度和损耗因子分别提高了1、2和1.5倍。引入三相模型研究了复合材料的阻尼机理,计算结果表明,新型复合材料的主要阻尼机制是界面阻尼。With the development of industry,people pay more and more attention to the hazards of vibration and noise in various fields.Besides adopting various vibration-reduction technologies,the demand for high-performance damping materials is also increasing to reduce vibration and noise.Among them,damping composites combine the advantages of different damping materials and superimpose multiple mechanisms to integrate their functions and structures,obtaining damping materials with excellent comprehensive performance.Herein,a novel damping composite was prepared using the sintering evaporation method and vacuum infiltration.This composite adopts the porous CuAlMn shape memory alloy as the skeleton,whose pores are filled with a composite composed of carbon nanotubes loaded with HfO_(2) particles and a viscoelastic polymer.Uniaxial compression test at room temperature and dynamic mechanical analysis were carried out on composite samples.The results show that when porosity of the skeleton is 80%and the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes is 1%,the compressive yield strength and elastic modulus of the composite are 27 MPa and 1040 MPa,respectively,and its density is only 2.11 g/cm^(3).Its loss factor is>0.055 in the range of 0.1-200 Hz and 20-100℃,and its maximum value can reach 0.102.The elastic modulus,compressive yield strength,and loss factor of this composite increased by 1,2,and 1.5 times,respectively,compared to those of the CuAlMn skeleton with same porosity.A three-phase model was utilized to analyze the damping mechanism of composite samples.The calculation results show that the primary damping mechanism of the proposed novel composite is interface damping.

关 键 词：阻尼复合材料 多孔CuAlMn形状记忆合金 HfO_(2) 碳纳米管 聚合物 界面阻尼 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]