33个平欧杂种榛品种(系)坚果经济性状评价  

Evaluation of the economic traits of nuts of 33 Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellane Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：宋锋惠[1,2] 王灵哲 卢明艳 宋子君[1] 罗达 史彦江[1] SONG Fenghui;WANG Lingzhe;LU Mingyan;SONG Zijun;LUO Da;SHI Yanjiang(Research Institute of Economic Forestry,Urumqi 830002,China;Akesu National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem,Akesu Xinjiang,843000;College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆阿克苏森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,新疆阿克苏843000 [3]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第2期382-392,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央财政林草科技推广示范项目“天山北坡大果榛子良种标准化栽培技术推广与示范”(新[2022]TG01号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究榛子不同品种(系)的经济性状,为榛子资源评价及种质资源的挖掘,榛子优良品种的选育提供科学依据。【方法】以盛果期33个品种(系)平欧杂种榛为研究对象,对其果实经济性状进行主成分、相关性和聚类分析以及等级划分,筛选综合表现优良且具有选育潜力的品种(系)。【结果】供试平欧杂种榛的坚果质量介于1.36~3.26 g,坚果三径均值介于13.81~20.49 mm,果仁质量介于0.30~1.26 g,果壳厚度介于1.16~2.31 mm,果腔系数介于0.53~0.96,出仁率介于14.54%~51.66%。坚果性状、果仁性状和出仁性状之间均存在显著差异,变异系数介于6.15%~55.30%。13个性状之间存在较高的相关性,其中有16对性状间呈极显著正相关,12对呈极显著负相关,7对呈显著负相关。供试平欧杂种榛划分为5个类群。【结论】果腔系数、壳仁间隙、果仁整齐度、出仁率和果仁三径均值是影响平欧杂种榛坚果经济性状的主要指标,可作为不同品种(系)平欧杂种榛坚果经济性状评价和良种选育的参考标准。筛选出85-57、B-3、84-310、85-41、85-83、82-15、B-11和85-127等品种(系)的坚果综合经济性状较优。【Objective】To understand the economic traits of different varieties(lines)of hazelnut,hoping to provide a reference basis for the evaluation of hazelnut resources and the excavation of germplasm resources,and also a scientific basis for the selection and breeding of excellent hazelnut varieties.【Methods】Thirty-three different varieties(lines)of hazelnuts were studied in fruit,and their fruit economic traits were analyzed by principal component analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and ranking to select varieties(lines)with good overall performance and potential for selection.【Results】The nut mass of the test hazelnuts ranged from 1.36 to 3.26 g,the mean values of the three nut diameters ranged from 13.81 to 20.49 mm,the nut mass ranged from 0.30 to 1.26 g,the shell thickness ranged from 1.16 to 2.31 mm,the cavity coefficient ranged from 0.53 to 0.96,and the kernel yield ranged from 14.54%to 51.66%.The kernel yield ranged from 14.54%to 51.66%.Significant differences were found between nut,kernel and kernel yield traits,with coefficients of variation ranging from 6.15%to 55.30%.13 traits were highly correlated with each other,of which 16 pairs were highly significantly positively correlated,12 pairs were highly significantly negatively correlated and 7 pairs were significantly negatively correlated.The hazelnuts were classified into five groups.【Conclusion】The cavity coefficient,shell-kernel gap,kernel neatness,kernel yield and the mean value of the three kernel diameters are the main indicators affecting the economic traits of Pin-European hazelnut hybrids,which can be used as reference standards for the evaluation of the economic traits of different varieties(lines)of Pin-European hazelnut hybrids and the selection of good varieties.The varieties(lines)85-57,B-3,84-310,85-41,85-83,82-15,B-11 and 85-127 were screened for their superior overall nut economic traits.

关 键 词：平欧杂种榛 经济性状 坚果 果仁 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]