超薄板脉冲激光焊接工艺特性及成形质量控制  

Process Characteristics and Forming Quality Control in Ultra-thin Plate Pulsed-laser Welding

作　　者：陈玉龙 别渭毅 鲁军 杨盼盼 张力 Chen Yulong;Bie Weiyi;Lu Jun;Yang Panpan;Zhang Li(Xi'an Aerospace Precision Electromechanical Institute,Xi'an 710100)

机构地区：[1]西安航天精密机电研究所,西安710100

出　　处：《航天制造技术》2024年第1期38-42,共5页Aerospace Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：采用脉冲激光焊接对0.1mm厚超薄板进行对接焊试验,探索了焊接间隙、脉冲能量、焊接线能量和焊斑重叠率对焊缝成形的影响规律。结果表明:焊接间隙对保持熔池形态和稳定性至关重要,当焊接间隙不超过0.02mm时,可获得成形均匀、连续的焊缝;激光脉冲能量决定焊接熔池大小,影响焊缝正面和背面成形,当脉冲能量一定时,焊接线能量与焊斑重叠率成正比,在本实验条件下,焊斑重叠率应不低于60%,但焊斑重叠率应该与焊接线能量相匹配,防止线能量过高,引起熔池拉长而失稳,导致焊漏或驼峰现象的发生。试验获得无气孔、裂纹的焊接接头,接头抗拉强度731.6MPa,达到母材的抗拉强度的79.7%。The butt welding test of 0.1 mm thick ultra-thin plate was carried out by pulsed-laser welding,and the influence of welding gap,pulse energy,welding line energy and welding spot overlap rate on seam forming was explored.The results show that:the welding gap is crucial to maintain morphology and stability of the molten pool.When the welding gap does not exceed 0.02 mm,a uniform and continuous seam could be achieved.The pulse energy determines volume of the molten pool and affects formation of the seam on both front and back side.When the pulse energy is constant,the welding line energy is proportional to the welding spot overlap rate.Under this experimental condition,the welding spot overlap rate should not be less than 60%,but the welding spot overlap rate should match with the welding line energy,to prevent the welding line energy too high,causing the molten pool elongate and instability,resulting in welding leakage or hump phenomenon.A good joint without pores and cracks was obtained in this test,the tensile strength of the joint was 731.6 MPa,which was 79.7% of the base material.

关 键 词：超薄板 脉冲激光焊接 工艺特性 成形质量 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接] V464[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]