植物油包膜控释氮肥在间作玉米-大豆上的施用效果研究  

Study on the Application Effects of Vegetable Oil Coated Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Intercropping Maize-Soybean

作　　者：孙子钦 陈舟 李雪 高凤婕 郭保俊 卓文韬 王淳[1] 陈宝成[1] WANG Chun;CHEN Baocheng(National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil Fertilizer/College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心/山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2024年第1期23-28,共6页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：金正大“新型包膜缓控释肥与养分聚合缓释复合肥生产关键技术”开放研究基金项目;国家自然科学基金项目(42277356);十四五重点项目(2022YFD1700605)。

摘　　要：为考察新型植物油包膜控释氮肥对间作玉米-大豆的产量、经济效益、肥料利用率等方面的影响,开展了田间小区试验。试验以不施氮肥(CK)、施用普通尿素(PU)处理为对照;植物油包膜控释氮肥施肥量为全量、减量20%、减量30%等3种,控释氮占总氮量为60%、40%等2种,共设置4个处理。结果表明,在玉米试验中,与PU处理相比,控释氮占总氮量60%的全量、减量20%处理的产量分别显著增产14.70%、7.49%,纯收入分别显著增加3192.80、2680.02元/hm2;控释氮肥处理的氮素利用率为50.14%~53.43%,差异显著。在大豆试验中,与PU处理相比,控释氮占总氮量60%的全量处理显著增产16.67%,纯收入显著增加2725.80元/hm2;控释氮肥处理的氮素利用率为54.12%~57.98%,差异显著。对于玉米-大豆间作栽培,建议全量或减量20%施用控释氮占总氮量60%的植物油包膜控释氮肥。In order to investigate the effects of a new type of vegetable oil coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on the yield,economic benefits,and fertilizer utilization efficiency of intercropping maize-soybean,a field plot trial is conducted.The trial take no nitrogen fertilizer(CK)and ordinary urea(PU)treatment as controls.The fertilization amount of vegetable oil coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer have three types:full amount,20%reduction in nitrogen,and 30%reduction in nitrogen.The controlled-release nitrogen accounts for 60%and 40%of the total nitrogen,and 4 treatments are being set up.The results show that in the maize experiment,compared with PU treatment,the yield of the control release nitrogen treatment with a total nitrogen content of 60%and a nitrogen reduction of 20%increased significantly by the total amount treatment with controlled-release nitrogen accounting for 60%of total nitrogen and 20%reduction in nitrogen increase yield significantly by 14.70%and 7.49%,respectively,and the net income increased significantly by 3192.80 yuan/hm 2 and 2680.02 yuan/hm 2.The nitrogen utilization efficiency of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer treatment ranged from 50.14%to 53.43%,with significant differences.In the soybean experiment,compared with PU treatment,the total amount treatment with controlled release nitrogen accounting for 60%of total nitrogen significantly increased yield by 16.67%,and the net income significantly increased by 2725.80 yuan/hm 2.The nitrogen utilization efficiency of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer treatment is 54.12%to 57.98%,with significant differences.For maize-soybean intercropping cultivation,it is recommended to apply vegetable oil coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer,which accounts for 60%of the total nitrogen,in full or with a 20%reduction in nitrogen.

关 键 词：控释氮肥 植物油包膜 玉米 大豆 间作 氮素利用率 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] TQ441[农业科学—农业基础科学]