论行贿犯罪特殊从宽量刑情节的刑法修正——以《刑法修正案(十二)》相关条款为分析对象  

Criminal law amendments on special mitigating circumstances for active bribery offences--Analyzing the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law Amendment(12)

作　　者：刘宪权[1] Liu Xianquan

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海201620

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2024年第2期44-53,共10页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20&ZD199)“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”。

摘　　要：现行刑法与司法解释在行贿罪和单位行贿罪特殊从宽量刑情节的规定上存在不一致的问题。现行刑法有关行贿罪特殊从宽量刑情节内容不包含“特别自首”,而只包含“特别坦白”。司法解释有关单位行贿罪特殊从宽量刑情节不属于引用性条文,而应理解为形式上的提示性规定。单位行贿罪特殊从宽量刑情节实质上应该为“对单位及相关责任人员可以减轻或者免除处罚”。确定适用减轻处罚情节的,司法机关必须“在法定刑以下判处刑罚”。对单位行贿罪的减轻处罚不宜由法定最低刑的拘役减轻为管制,如果存在可供选择的量刑情节则可以分别选择“从轻处罚”或者“免除处罚”等量刑情节。最新刑法修正案在对行贿罪、对单位行贿罪和单位行贿罪等行贿犯罪法定刑幅度进行调整的同时,却未对所有的行贿犯罪特殊从宽量刑情节做体系性的规定。在以后刑法修正时应考虑在对有影响力的人行贿罪、对单位行贿罪和单位行贿罪的刑法规定中分别增加条款,明确将“在被追诉前主动交待行贿行为”的特殊从宽量刑情节规定在刑法条文中。There are inconsistencies between the current criminal law and judicial interpretations on the provisions of special lenient sentencing circumstances for the crime of bribery and the crime of bribery by entities.The current criminal law's special lenient sentencing circumstances for the crime of bribery do not include"special surrender",but only"spe-cial confession."The judicial interpretation of the special leniency in sentencing for the crime of unit bribery is not a refer-ence provision,but should be understood as a formal indicative provision.The special lenient sentencing circumstances for the crime of unit bribery should essentially mean that"the unit and relevant responsible personnel can be reduced or ex-empted from punishment."If it is determined that mitigating circumstances apply,the judicial authority must"impose a penalty below the statutory penalty."It is not appropriate to reduce the punishment for the crime of corporate bribery from criminal detention,which is the statutory minimum sentence,to control.If there are alternative sentencing circumstances,you can choose"lighter punishment"or"exemption from punishment"and other sentencing circumstances.It is recom-mended that the latest amendments to the Criminal Law,while adjusting the statutory sentencing ranges for bribery,bribery to entities,and bribery to entities,also make systematic provisions for special lenient sentencing circumstances for all brib-ery crimes.When amending the criminal law,consideration should be given to adding clauses to the criminal law provisions on the crime of bribery of influential people,the crime of bribery of units and the crime of bribery of units,clarifying the special lenient sentencing circumstances of"voluntarily confessing bribery before being prosecuted"stipulated in the crimi-nal law provisions.

关 键 词：行贿犯罪 特殊从宽量刑情节 特别自首 特别坦白 《刑法修正案(十二)》 

分 类 号：D924.392[政治法律—刑法学]