拜登政府在中东地区的对华战略竞争评析  

An Evaluation of the Biden Administration's Strategic Competition with China in the Middle East

作　　者：张帆[1] ZHANG Fan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所

出　　处：《当代美国评论》2023年第4期64-81,126,共19页Contemporary American Review

摘　　要：在中美双边关系总体平稳发展的情况下,美国战略界在相当长的时期内并未将中国视为美国在中东地区的战略竞争对手。但在特朗普政府将中国界定为主要竞争对手后,拜登政府公开将对华战略竞争扩展至中东地区,此举主要是美国总体对华竞争态势、美国在大国竞争中的地缘战略布局,以及对华科技战在美国对华战略竞争中的重要性所致。为实现对华竞争目标,拜登政府在中东地区以争取或影响“关键国家”为主要战略路径,确立了选取“关键国家”的标准,并基于此锁定以色列、沙特和阿联酋三个“关键国家”,将其视为美中战略竞争中的“第三方”,在继续巩固与这些国家既有双边关系的同时,通过制造舆论、胁迫、利诱等手段促使其配合美国的对华战略竞争。Against the background of generally steady China-U.S.relations,the U.S.strategic community did not regard China as a strategic competitor in the Middle East for a considerable period.However,following the Trump administration's designation of China as America's primary competitor,the Biden administration has openly expanded its strategic competition with China to the Middle East.This shift can be attributed to such factors as America's overall strategic posture towards China,its geostrategic configuration in great power competition,and the significance of the technology war in America's strategic competition with China.To pursue its competitive objectives against China,the Biden administration has focused on the strategy of engaging or influencing the so-called“swing states”inil the Middle East.Based on such an approach,the Biden administration has identified Israel,Saudi Arabia,and the United Arab Emirates as three“swing states”,viewing them as significant“third parties”in U.S.-China strategic competition in the Middle East.The Biden administration has continued to consolidate existing bilateral ties with these countries,while using tactics such as media manipulation,coercion,and inducement to align them with America's strategy of competition with China.

关 键 词：拜登政府 对华战略竞争 中东地区 “关键国家” 美国对外战略 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学] D815.4[政治法律—外交学]