共同富裕视域下公共物品供给问题分析——基于马克思恩格斯国家经济职能理论的思考  

Analysis of the Supply of Public Goods in the Perspective of Common Prosperity——Reflections on Marx and Engels Theory of the Economic Functions of the State

作　　者：陈晓仪 Chen Xiao-yi

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2024年第3期25-34,共10页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“西方资本主义国家现代化历史考察及经验教训研究”(23CKS032)。

摘　　要：随着人民美好生活需要的日益增长,如何提供更多更优质的公共物品、优化国家在公共事务中的经济职能,是实现全体人民共同富裕的重要议题。早在19世纪,马克思恩格斯已认识到资本主义国家经济职能的广泛性,并结合东方社会分析了国家出资“补助”私人资本和“国家承包商”垄断经营的公共经济干预模式。此后,西方学者持续展开对公共物品供给的理论探索和“回归国家”的福利制度实践,但难以逾越积累和合法化的危机。在走向共同富裕的道路上,以政企合作方式推动公共物品的普惠性供给,可被视为国家基于马克思主义国家理论和社会主义初级阶段经济关系而做的实践选择,反映出现代化经济治理中国家在规划与发展上协同化、在监督与调整上规范化等趋向。With the growing needs of people for a better life, how to provide more and better public goods and optimize the economic functions of the state in public affairs is an important issue in realizing the common prosperity of all people. In the early 19th century, Marx and Engels recognized the extensive nature of the economic functions of the capitalist state, they analyzed two public economic intervention patterns in the context of Eastern societies, one of which showed the state funding to achieve subsidies to private capital, and the other presented a monopoly of state contractors. Later, Western scholars continued their theoretical exploration of the provision of public goods and the practice of welfare system with a tendency of "Back to the State". But they were unable to overcome the crisis of accumulation and legitimization ultimately. On the road towards common prosperity, the promotion of the universal and standardized supply of public goods by means of government-enterprise cooperation can be regarded as a practical choice made by the state on the basis of the Marxist theories of the state as well as the economic relations at the primary stage of socialism with Chinese characteristics, reflecting the tendency of the state not only to synergise its planning and development, but also to standardize its supervision and adjustment under the modern economic governance.

关 键 词：共同富裕 公共物品 马克思恩格斯 国家经济职能 现代化经济治理 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学] F062.6