菌藻协同对大口黑鲈养殖水环境、生长和免疫酶活性的影响  

Effects of bacterium-alga synergism on aquatic environment,growth and immunoenzymatic activities in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)culture

作　　者：曾天宇 陈曦 徐慧敏 孟顺龙 金渝钦[3] 胡庚东 李丹丹[2] 裘丽萍[2] 宋超[2,3] 范立民[2,3] 徐跑[1,2,3] ZENG Tianyu;CHEN Xi;XU Huimin;MENG Shunlong;JIN Yuqin;HU Gengdong;LI Dandan;QIU Liping;SONG Chao;FAN Limin;XU Pao(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors(Wuxi),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业农村部水产品质量安全环境因子风险评估实验室(无锡),中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2024年第1期29-37,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-46);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD18)。

摘　　要：为探索添加小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和小球藻+枯草芽孢杆菌对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)养殖水环境、生长性能及其相关酶活性的影响,在1000 L聚乙烯桶中进行试验,共设置空白组(饲喂基础饲料)、小球藻组、枯草芽孢杆菌组和菌藻混合组(水体中同时添加小球藻和枯草芽孢杆菌)4个组,每组设3个重复,每个重复放50尾体质量为(11.71±0.90)g的大口黑鲈,进行60 d的养殖试验。结果表明:试验过程中,与空白组相比,加藻/菌试验组水体中所测理化指标总体上均有所优化,各试验组总氮、总磷和溶解氧含量差异较小,而氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮含量相差较大,尤其是菌藻混合组水体中的氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮含量在多数时间点均达到了最低水平(P<0.05);试验结束时,各试验组大口黑鲈的体质量、增重率和特定生长率均较空白组有所增加,但仅菌藻混合组显著高于空白组(P<0.05);试验过程中,与空白组相比,加藻/菌试验组鱼肝脏还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和溶菌酶(LZM)活力总体上均显著提高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),尤其是菌藻混合组的抗氧化效果更好。研究表明,在水环境中添加小球藻或枯草芽孢杆菌均可以改善水质环境,促进大口黑鲈生长,提高其抗氧化和免疫能力,藻菌协同效果更优。In order to explore the effects of addition of green alga(Chlorella vulgaris),bacterium(Bacillus subtilis)and mixture of C.vulgaris and B.subtilis on aquatic environment,growth performance and related enzyme activities of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),juvenile largemouth bass with body weight of(11.71±0.90)g was reared in a 1000 L polyethylene barrel filled with 800 L water added with C.vulgaris(density of 1×109 cells/L at 6.25 mL/L)(alga group),B.subtilis(1×1011 CFU/g at 0.75 mg/L)(bacterium group),both C.vulgaris and B.subtilis(bacte-rium+alga mixture group),and blank(without any bacterium and alga,control group for days).The results showed that there were generally optimised physical and chemical indices in the water environment in the alga group and bac-terium group during the experiment,compared with the blank group,with the relatively small differences in the total nitrogen,total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen contents in each experimental group,while there were considerably varied in the contents of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen,especially in the water environment in the bacterium+alga mixed group,with the minimal ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen con-tents in water in most time points(P<0.05).At the end of the experiment,the largemouth bass in all experimental groups had increase in body weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate compared with the blank group,with significant differences in only the bacterium+alga mixture group compared with the blank group(P<0.05).The he-patic glutathione(GSH)content,and activities of catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione perox-idase(GSH-PX)and lysozyme(LZM)in general were shown to be significantly increased(P<0.05),and malondi-aldehyde(MDA)content to be significantly decreased(P<0.05),especially in the bacterium+alga mixture group compared with the blank group.To sum up,it can be seen that addition of either C.vulgaris or B.subtilis to the water environment can improve the water quality,promo

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 小球藻 枯草芽孢杆菌 水质 生长性能 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]