3株肠道原籍菌在美洲鳗鲡养殖中的应用研究  

Application of Three Indigenous Bacterial Species in Aquaculture of American Eel Anguilla rostrata

作　　者：魏成业 杨红玲[1] 夏孟婷 聂庆杰 翟少伟[1] 孙云章[1] WEI Chengye;YANG Hongling;XIA Mengting;NIE Qingjie;ZHAI Shaowei;SUN Yunzhang(Xiamen Key Laboratory of Feed Detection and Safety Evaluation,College of Fisheries,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,厦门市饲料检测与安全评价重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第2期189-198,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：财政部与农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-46);厦门市海洋与渔业发展专项资金资助项目(19CZP018HJ04);福建省科技重大专项(2021NZ01030024).

摘　　要：为评价3株鳗鲡肠道原籍菌——拟蕈状芽孢杆菌MYα、变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ和高地芽孢杆菌MY5的益生效果,以基础饲料为对照组,将3株菌以5.0×10^(7) cfu/g添加量添加至基础饲料中,投喂初始体质量(10.00±0.09)g的美洲鳗鲡63 d,探究其对美洲鳗鲡生长性能、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。试验结果显示,饲料中添加拟蕈状芽孢杆菌MYα和变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ提高了美洲鳗鲡质量增加率和特定生长率,高地芽孢杆菌MY5组与对照组相比脏体指数和肝体指数显著降低(P<0.05)。饲料中添加变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ和高地芽孢杆菌MY5显著提高了血清溶菌酶活性(P<0.05),同时变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ组和高地芽孢杆菌MY5组肝脏丙二醛含量较对照组略有降低。与对照组相比,拟蕈状芽孢杆菌MYα和变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ组乳杆菌属丰度有所升高,短螺旋菌属丰度下降,同时拟蕈状芽孢杆菌MYα组埃希氏菌属丰度升高;高地芽孢杆菌MY5组支原体丰度显著升高(P<0.05),乳杆菌属丰度下降。综上,变异不动杆菌MYAⅡ的综合益生效果最为明显,能提高美洲鳗鲡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化能力,改善肠道菌群结构,具有作为鳗鲡益生菌的开发潜力。In order to evaluate the possible application of three possible beneficial indigenous bacteria,Bacillus paramycoides MYα,Acinetobacter variabilis MYAⅡand Bacillus altitudinis MY5 in American eel Anguilla rostrata,the three species bacteria were supplemented to the diets at dose of 5.0×10^(7) cfu/g,and the effects on the growth performance,immune function and intestinal microbiota of American eel with an initial body weight of(10.00±0.09)g were determined.The results showed that American eel fed the diets containing MYαand MYAⅡhad increase in the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR),and the American eel fed the diets containing MY5 had the significantly lower hepatosmatic index(HIS)and viscerosomatic index(VSI)than the animals in the control group did(P<0.05).The serum lysozyme activity was found to be increased significantly in fish fed MYAII and MY5 containing diets(P<0.05),and the serum T-SOD activity in the group MYAII to be significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver of fish fed diets MYAⅡand MY5 were lower than that in the control group.Compared with the control group,the abundance of genus Lactobacillus was increased and the abundance of genus Brevinema was decreased in groups MYαand MYAⅡ,but the abundance of Escherichia was increased in group MYα,indicating that there was more balanced intestinal microbiota in group MYAⅡ.On the other hand,the abundance of Mycoplasmataceae was increased significantly and Lactobacillus decreased in group MY5,indicating an imbalanced intestinal microbiota.In conclusion,A.variabilis MYAII led to improve the growth performance,immune function and antioxidant capacity,and modulate the intestinal microbiota,which implies that MYAII be a potential probiotic strain in the aquaculture of eel.

关 键 词：美洲鳗鲡 肠道原籍菌 生长性能 免疫功能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]